Transcript Universe Power Point

The Universe
Solar Nebular Theory
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Nebula
Main sequence – accretion disk formed
Collision of particles formed clumps
Clumps formed asteroids
Asteroids became planets
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PL3YNQK
960Y
(3:05 min)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VW9FJ
b1HkDU (2:04 min)
Solar Nebulae Theory
(1) a nebulae rotates and collapses
to form a solar system
(2) instabilities cause dust particles
to stick together (planetesimals)
(3) these particles collide and form
protoplanets
(4) the center of the disk becomes
so massive and hot it “turns on”
(i.e., Sun)
(5) the Sun radiates energy that
vaporizes dust in the inner Solar
System.
What’s Our Address?









Our Solar System



201 S. Hanover St.
Hummelstown
Pennsylvania
United States of America
North American Continent
Northern Hemisphere
3rd planet from the Sun
Solar System
2/3rd the way out on the arm of a galaxy
Milky Way Galaxy
Local Group of Galaxies
Local Super Cluster of Galaxies
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/content/visualizations/es2808/e
s2808page01.cfm?chapter_no=visualization
 The study of the
origin, structure and future of the
universe
Astronomers use galaxies far
away to hypothesize how they
form and move.
 Cosmology
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=n4BHA1hHjDc&feature=related
Hubble’s Law
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVApTLE7Csc

Edwin Hubble:

Measured Red shifts of other galaxies and found:
Almost all other galaxies are moving away from us.
 The further away the galaxy , the faster the galaxy is
moving away from us.


Hubble’s Law:

The speed at which galaxies are moving away from the
Earth is proportional to their distance from us.

Farther away = moving faster away (DIRECT RELATIONSHIP)
Formation of Universe

Hubble’s observations showed that the
Universe is EXPANDING.


This finding lead to a new theory on formation of
Universe.
Big Bang Theory  The theory that states the
Universe began with a tremendous explosion.
 13.7 billion years ago, all matter was
compressed into one spot and expanded
rapidly.
 They are still expanding today.

Evidence for the Big Bang Theory:

Red Shift of Galaxies.
Edwin Hubble first saw the Red shift of galaxies.
 Red shift = Galaxies moving AWAY
 Red shift = Universe Expanding.


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i1UC6HpxY28
Evidence for Big Bang Theory

Background Radiation

A faint background hiss of radio waves





almost exactly the same in all direction
is not coming from any one star, galaxy, or other object.
It is the perfect wavelength to have been created 13.7
billion years ago in a large explosion (Big Bang).
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zZaI2Xp_eT8 (1.5 min)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_mZQ-5-KYHw (4 min)
Future of Universe?


Future will depend upon amount of MATTER
in the Universe.
Not enough Matter: Open Universe


Continue expanding until it runs out of energy.
Enough Matter: Closed Universe

Expand until the gravitational force causes it to
collapse and repeat the cycle.
Looking for Dark Matter to support this theory.
 They have evidence of it but can’t detect it.

Deep Space
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgg2tpUVbX
Q&feature=channel (6:14) Best
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oAVjF_7ensg
(Good) (4:16)