Transcript Health Nutrition

Health Nutrition
Mr. Spoonts
Introduction
• MyPyramid.gov
• Eating Healthy
Your Nutritional Needs
•
Calorie- Brainstorm words and phrases that you associate with the word
calorie.
– Nutrients- Food substances that the body needs to carry out bodily functions.
Ex. Water, Minerals and Proteins.
– Nutrition- Body requires over 40 different nutrients for normal tasks. Process by
which the body takes in and uses these nutrients.
•
Food and Energy- Which way does the body use energy?
– Metabolism-Chemical process by which your body breaks down food to release
energy.
– Calories- Amount of energy released when nutrients are burned and is
measured in units.
The Six Basic Nutrients
• Carbohydrates, Protein and Fats- Sources
of Energy
• Vitamins, Minerals and Water-perform
other essential functions.
Carbohydrates
• Glucose
– Major source of energy. (Most important)
• Glycogen
– When you eat more carboydrates than you
can immediately use. It is then converted into
glycogen and stored in the body.
• Fiber
– Type of complex carbohydrate that is found in
plants. Can not be broken down and stored.
Fats
• Fats
– Serve as a long term storage form of energy.
– Make up part of the structure of cells.
• Unsaturated
– Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated.
– Liquid at room temperature
– Vegetable oils, nuts, and seeds
• Saturated
– Animal fats-beef, pork, chicken and lamb
– Solid at room temperature
• Cholesterol
– Substance present only in animal cells, not in plants.
– Fatlike substance contained in meat, eggs and dairy products.
– Substance often associated with heart disease when found in high
levels in the blood.
Proteins
– Helps with the growth and repair of body’s
tissues.
• Amino Acids
– Substance that is one of the links that forms a
protein. 20 different amino acids.
• Essential Amino Acids
– Are not manufactured by the body
– 9 Essential Aminos
Vitamins
• Help with various processes of the body
– Will taking vitamins help cure diseases?
• Fat Soluble
– Stored and accumulate in body tissues.
• Water Soluble
– Cannot be stored in the body
– Ex. Vitamin C should be consumed every day.
• Deficiency
– Person does not obtain enough of a specific nutrient.
Essential Vitamins
• Fat Soluble
– A, maintains healthy skin, bones, skin, hair and aids
in vision.
• Good sources-Liver, eggs, cheese milk
– D, maintains the bones and teeth, helps in the use of
calcium and phosphorus.
• Good sources-Milk, eggs and liver
– E, Aids in the maintenance of red blood cells
• Good sources-margarine, vegetable oils, whole grains and
green leafy vegetables.
– K, Aids in blood clotting
• Good sources-green leafy vegetables and liver
Essential Vitamins
• Water Soluble
– B1, (Thiamin) Aids in Carbohydrate use and nervous system function.
• Good sources-pork products, liver, whole-grain foods and legumes.
– B2, (Riboflavin) Aids in metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats
• Good sources-milk, eggs, meats, whole grains, and dark green vegetables.
– B3, (Niacin) Aids in energy metabolism
• Good sources-Poultry, meat, fish, whole grains and fruits
– B6, (Pyroxidine) Aids in protein, fat and carbohydrate metabolism
• Good sources-meats, poultry, fish, whole grain foods and green vegetables.
– B12, (Cobalamin) Maintains healthy nervous system and red blood
cells.
• Good sources-Meat, fish, poultry, eggs, milk and cheese.
Essential Vitamins
• Water Soluble
– Folate (folic acid) Aids in formation of red blood cells
and protein
• Good sources-Green leafy vegetables and legumes
– Pantothenic Acid- Aids in bone, teeth and skin
formation, resistance to infection and iron uptake
– Biotin- Aids in energy metabolism
• Good sources-Organ meats, poultry, fish, eggs, peas,
bananas and tomatoes.
– C- (Ascorbic Acid) Aids in bone, teeth and skin
formation, resistance to infection, iron uptake.
Minerals
• Are not manufactured by living things. We
obtain minerals by eating or drinking plant or
animal food sources that have absorbed animal
plants.
– A lack of calcium can sometimes lead to
osteoporosis-degeneration of bones.
• Hemoglobin
– Iron containing substances
• Anemia
• Condition in which red blood cells are low in
hemoglobin. Condition that can result from a
diet that doesn’t include enough iron.
Essential Minerals
• Calcium- build and maintain bones and teeth
• Phosphorus- build and maintain bones and teeth,
– Metabolism
• Magnesium– build bones and protein, energy metabolism, muscle contraction
• Sodium- Maintain water balance, nerve function
• Chlorine- Maintain water balance, digestion
• Potassium-Maintain water balalnce, function of the heart and
nervous system
• Sulfur- Forms part of Amino acids
• Iodine- Metabolism of thyroid hormone
• Iron- Helps in evergy metabolism
• Selenium- Break down harmful substances.
• Zinc- Helps carry out bodily processes
• Flourine- Helps form strong teeth and bones
Water
• Electrolytes
– Regulates many processes in the body.
• Homeostasis
– Process of maintaining a steady state in the
body.
• Dehydration
– Severe reduction in the body’s water content.
– Condition that results in the body’s loss of
important electrolytes.
Pyramid Directions
Grain, Breads and Cereal
My Pyramid Link
Vegetables
My Pyramid Link
Fruits
My Pyramid Link
Oils
My Pyramid Link
Fats, Oils and Sweets
• Generally have a low nutrient density.
• Use sparingly
Dairy
My Pyramid Link
Meat, Beans and Nuts
My Pyramid Link
Physical Activity
Water
Eat Well
Hunger and Malnutrition
• Malnutrition
– Is a condition in which a person’s nutrient
consumption is inadequate or unbalanced.
• Protein Energy Malnutrition
– Does not contain enough protein
– Is most serious in developing countries.
• A World Problem
– Effects children the most
• What can be done to help?
– Volunteer Ex. Soup kitchens, food drives etc.