Transcript Chapter 3 Online Basics - McGraw Hill Higher Education

3
Online Basics
YOU WILL LEARN TO…
Section 3.1
• Describe Internet hardware and software
• Explain Internet protocols
• Compare intranets, extranets, and the Internet
Section 3.2
• Identify URL components
• Compare Web browsers
• Use search engines
3
Online Basics
YOU WILL LEARN TO…
Section 3.3
• Describe Web development applications and
hardware
• Describe connectivity components
• Insert external hyperlinks
Section 3.4
•
•
•
•
Explain how to download files responsibly
Summarize copyright and fair use laws
Cite digital sources
Evaluate online information
pp.
Section 3.1
66-70
The Internet
Focus on Reading
Main Ideas
Key Terms
Protocols allow computers
to communicate. People
often use the Internet to
communicate with other
users. Intranets and
extranets are networks
that are protected from
unauthorized access.
Internet service provider
(ISP)
protocol
Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP)
Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP)
intranet
extranet
pp.
Section 3.1
66-70
The Internet
Origins of the Internet
In 1969, the U.S. government developed a network of
computers called ARPANET, which became the Internet.
The first graphical-user interface (GUI) browser was
created in 1990. It allowed users to view graphic, audio,
and video files located on the Internet.
pp.
Section 3.1
66-70
The Internet
How the Internet Works
Internet hardware and
software allow you to
access files from other
computers and servers
You must be connected to
a communication line,
such as a telephone line
or cable connection, to
access an Internet
service provider.
Internet service provider
(ISP) A business that
provides a network to
customers that they use to
access the Internet. (p. 67)
pp.
Section 3.1
66-70
The Internet
How the Internet Works
There are several Internet
protocols:
• Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP)
• Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP)
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• Telnet
• Gopher
• WAIS
protocol A set of rules and
procedures that specify how
data are formatted and
transmitted between computer
systems. (p. 68)
Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) Basic Internet
protocol that contains the
specific information that
allows computers to identify
each other and exchange
data. (p. 68)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP) Used to transfer files
from a Web server to a Web
browser. (p. 68)
pp.
Section 3.1
The Internet
Internet Resources
Types of Internet Communication
• E-mail
• Listserv
• FTP Site
• Newsgroups or Forums
• Chat Rooms
• Internet Relay Chat (IRC)
• Instant Messaging (IM)
• Online Gaming
66-70
pp.
Section 3.1
66-70
The Internet
Intranets and Extranets
There is no technical
difference between the
Internet, intranets, and
extranets.
intranet A LAN or WAN that
is designed to make it easy
to share information within
an organization, such as a
business or a school. (p. 70)
The differences lie in the
ways these networks are
used, who owns them,
and who is allowed to
access them.
extranet A type of network
that can be accessed by
outside or remote users who
are authorized to use the
network. (p. 70)
pp.
Section 3.1
66-70
The Internet
Section Assessment
True/False You must be
connected to a
communication line, such
as a telephone line or
cable connection, to
access an Internet
Service Provider.
True. In order to access
an ISP, you must be
connected to a
communication line,
such as a telephone
line or cable
connection.
pp.
Section 3.2
71-77
The Web
Focus on Reading
Main Ideas
Key Terms
A URL is an address that
identifies a specific Web
page. Web browsers have
varying capabilities.
Search engines help
locate sites containing
specific information. Users
should carefully evaluate
all information found
online.
uniform resource locator
(URL)
domain name
domain name extension
accessibility option
search engine
keyword
Boolean search
pp.
Section 3.2
71-77
The Web
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)
HTTP requires that Web
page URLs be in a
standard format that
browsers know how to
interpret. Most URLs
consist of four main parts
uniform resource locator
(URL) A unique address that
enables a browser to locate
specific page files on the
Web. (p. 71)
Directory
Path
Protocol
http://www.mcgraw-hill.com/about/history.html
Address
Retrieved
File
pp.
Section 3.2
71-77
The Web
Uniform Resource Locators
The address of the Web
page includes the domain
name. The domain name
includes a domain name
extension.
domain name Part of a
URL that identifies the entity
(such as a university,
individual, or business) that
sponsors the Web site.
(p. 72)
domain name extension
Part of the URL that tells
users what type of
organization uses the
address. (p. 72)
Domain name
extension
http://www.mcgraw-hill.com/about/history.html
pp.
Section 3.2
71-77
The Web
Using a Web Browser
Web browsers are used to
request, retrieve, and view
Web pages. Different Web
browsers interpret and
display HTML differently.
Many browsers include
accessibility options for
differently abled
individuals. For example,
most browsers let users
increase the size of text on
the screen.
accessibility option A
feature that allows
differently abled individuals
to access and use Web
pages. (p. 73)
pp.
Section 3.2
71-77
The Web
Locating Information Online
Search tools like search
engines and Web
directories can help you
locate what you are
looking for on the Internet.
A Web directory is a search
tool that catalogs Web sites
(not pages) by topic or
category.
search engine An
application that locates
information about Web
pages and then stores this
information in searchable
databases that you can
access from your browser.
(p. 75)
pp.
Section 3.2
71-77
The Web
Locating Information Online
To use a search engine,
you make a search query.
Keyword and Boolean
searches are two types of
queries.
keyword An important word
related to the specific topic
you are trying to locate.
(p. 76)
Boolean search A type of
search that combines
keywords in specific ways to
locate specific pages.
(p. 76)
pp.
Section 3.2
The Web
• Activity 3A – Preview a Web Page (p. 74)
• Activity 3B – Perform a Boolean Search (p. 76)
71-77
pp.
Section 3.2
The Web
Section Assessment
Summarize What is a
URL?
A. An address that
identifies a specific
Web page.
B. A type of browser
C. A type of protocol
D. A type of network
that can be
accessed by remote
users.
A. An address that
identifies a specific
Web page.
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pp.
Section 3.3
Web Site Development Tools
Focus on Reading
Main Ideas
Key Terms
The hardware and
software needed to
develop a Web site
depends on the site’s size
and complexity. You must
have access to a Web
server to publish a site.
External links let users
move between sites.
text editor
Web site development
application
WYSIWYG
Web hosting service
external hyperlink
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pp.
Section 3.3
78-82
Web Site Development Tools
Software Needs
The software tools used to
create Web sites can be
divided into two
categories:
• Text editors
• Web site development
applications
Dreamweaver is a Web site
development application that
uses a WYSIWYG interface.
text editor An application used
to enter and edit the HTML
code in a Web page. (p. 78)
Web site development
application Sophisticated
application package that some
Web developers use to create
Web sites. (p. 78)
WYSIWYG Applications that
allow you to create Web pages
so that what you see on the
screen is very similar to the
appearance of the final page;
stands for “what you see is
what you get.” (p. 78)
pp.
Section 3.3
78-82
Web Site Development Tools
Web Page Component Applications
The Web designer’s toolbox should include applications
for creating and modifying graphics, video, and audio.
pp.
Section 3.3
78-82
Web Site Development Tools
Hardware and Connectivity Needs
Most Web developers use these input and output devices:
• High-resolution monitors
• Color printers
• Scanners
• Digital cameras
• Camcorders
• Microphones
• Speakers
pp.
Section 3.3
78-82
Web Site Development Tools
Hardware and Connectivity Needs
When you publish a Web
site, you must copy the
site’s files from your local
hard drive or network to a
Web server.
Many people use a Web
hosting service to gain
access to a Web server.
Web hosting service
Service that sells Web
server space, usually for a
monthly fee. (p. 80)
pp.
Section 3.3
78-82
Web Site Development Tools
Linking to Online Resources
Hyperlinks make it easy to
access the Web’s varied
resources.
External hyperlinks are
used to connect a Web
page to a page on a
different Web site.
external hyperlink A
hyperlink that takes a user
to a page on a different Web
site. (p. 81)
pp.
Section 3.3
Web Site Development Tools
• Activity 3C – Insert External Hyperlinks (p. 81)
78-82
pp.
Section 3.3
78-82
Web Site Development Tools
Section Assessment
True/False A Web site
development application
is an application used to
enter and edit HTML code
in a Web page.
False. A text editor is an
application used to
enter and edit the HTML
code in a Web page.
pp.
Section 3.4
84-88
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Focus on Reading
Main Ideas
Key Terms
Ethical, social, and legal
guidelines govern the use
of online resources. Users
must respect copyright
law and trademark rules
when using digital
resources and cite their
sources whenever
possible.
Acceptable Use Policy
(AUP)
Internet Use Agreement
Netiquette
commercial software
shareware
freeware
copyright
trademark
pp.
Section 3.4
84-88
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
The Internet and Society
The Internet offers many benefits to society, but it has also
created many new legal and ethical issues.
pp.
Section 3.4
84-88
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
The Internet and Society
There are formal and
informal rules that online
users must follow:
• Acceptable Use Policy
(AUP)
• Internet Use Agreement
• Netiquette
• Privacy protection
Acceptable Use Policy
(AUP) Used by
organizations such as
schools and businesses to
regulate online use; also
called Internet Use
Agreement. (p. 84)
Netiquette General
guidelines that have
developed over the years to
guide Internet interactions.
(p. 85)
pp.
Section 3.4
84-88
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Protected Information and the Web
Laws govern what you
can legally download from
Web sites and how you
can use these files.
Most software can be
categorized as
commercial software,
shareware, or freeware.
commercial software
Software that is developed
and distributed with the
intention of making a profit.
(p. 85)
shareware Copyrighted
software that an author
allows to be freely
distributed. (p. 85)
freeware Software that can
be freely copied and used
for any legal purpose.
(p. 85)
pp.
Section 3.4
84-88
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Protected Information and the Web
Copyrights exist to
protect creators of original
work. A copyright may be
attached to creative works
on the Web.
A copyright notice
typically includes the
copyright symbol ©
followed by the year and
the copyright holder’s
name.
copyright A law that asserts
that only the copyright’s
owner has the right to sell
his or her work or to allow
someone else to sell it. (p.
86)
pp.
Section 3.4
84-88
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Protected Information and the Web
A trademark is another
important type of
intellectual property.
A registered trademark is
represented by one of
these trademark symbols:
•®
•™
trademark A name, symbol,
or other feature that
identifies a product with a
specific owner. (p. 86)
pp.
Section 3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Protected Information and the Web
When you use information from a Web site, you must
cite this information.
• Author’s name (last name first)
• Title of the article or Web page (in quotes)
• Complete title of the Web site (underlined)
• Date of Internet publication or copyright date
• Name of the organization
• Date you visited the site
• Site’s URL (in angle brackets)
Montoya, Chris. “Citing Sources.” Fairlawn Library Information. May
10, 2007. Fairlawn University. July 8, 2007 <www.flu.edu/library>.
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pp.
Section 3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
• Activity 3D – Add a Copyright Notice (p. 86)
84-88
pp.
Section 3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Section Assessment
Identify A(n) ________
is a name, symbol, or
other feature that
identifies a product with
a specific owner.
A. copyright
B. trademark
C. citation
D. Internet Use
Agreement
B. trademark
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3
Online Basics
Chapter Review
Name In the URL
http://www.firstgov.gov/
the part of the address
“.gov” is referred to as
the ______________.
A. domain name
extension
B. address
C. directory path
D. domain name
A. domain name
extension
3
Online Basics
Chapter Review
Evaluate What
advantages does a
WYSIWYG Web
development
application have over a
text editor?
In a WYSIWYG
application, you can
see what the page
will look like as you
work on it. With a text
editor, you have to
key in all of the HTML
coding before you
can check how it will
look.
3
Online Basics
Chapter Resources
For more resources on this chapter, go to the Introduction
to Web Design Using Dreamweaver Web site at
WebDesignDW.glencoe.com.