Transcript Web site development application

Overview:
• Describe Internet hardware and software
• Explain Internet protocols
• Compare intranets, extranets, and the Internet
• Identify URL components
• Compare Web browsers
• Use search engines
• Describe Web development applications and hardware
• Describe connectivity components
• Insert external hyperlinks
• Describe Web development applications and hardware
• Describe connectivity components
• Insert external hyperlinks
3.1
The Internet
Guide
Main Ideas
Protocols allow computers
to communicate.
People often use the
Internet to communicate
with other users.
Intranets and extranets
are networks that are
protected from
unauthorized access.
Key Terms
• Internet service
provider (ISP)
• protocol
• Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet
Protocol (TCP/IP)
• Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP)
• File Transfer Protocol
(FTP)
• intranet
• extranet
3.1
The Internet
Origins of the Internet
The U.S. government developed a network of computers
called ARPANET, which became the Internet.
The first graphical-user interface (GUI) browser was
created in 1990. It allowed users to view graphic, audio,
and video files located on the Internet.
3.1
The Internet
How the Internet Works
Internet hardware and
software allow you to
access files from other
computers and servers
You must be connected to
a communication line to
access an Internet
service provider.
Internet service provider
(ISP) A business that
provides a network to
customers that they use to
access the Internet.
3.1
The Internet
How the Internet Works
Internet Protocols:
protocol A set of rules and
procedures that specify how
data are formatted and
transmitted between computer
systems
• Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP)
Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol
(TCP/IP) Basic Internet protocol
that contains the specific
information that allows
computers to identify each other
and exchange data
• Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP)
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
(HTTP) Used to transfer files
from a Web server to a Web
browser
• File Transfer Protocol
(FTP)
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) A
standardized method of
uploading and downloading files
on the Internet
3.1
The Internet
Internet Resources
Communication on the Internet
• E-mail
• Listserv
• Newsgroups or Forums
• Chat Rooms
• Internet Relay Chat
• Instant Messaging
•Social networks
3.1
The Internet
Other Networks
There is basically no
technical difference
between the Internet,
intranets, and extranets.
intranet A LAN or WAN that
is designed to make it easy
to share information within
an organization, such as a
business or a school.
The differences lie in the
ways these networks are
used.
extranet A type of network
that can be accessed by
outside or remote users who
are authorized to use the
network.
3.2
The Web
Guide
Main Ideas
A URL is an address that
identifies a specific Web
page.
Web browsers have
varying capabilities.
Search engines help
locate sites containing
specific information.
Users should carefully
evaluate all information
found online.
Key Terms
• uniform resource
locator (URL)
• domain name
• domain name
extension
• accessibility option
• search engine
• Web directory
• keyword
3.2
The Web
Uniform Resource Locators (URLs)
HTTP requires that Web
page URLs be in a
standard format. Most
addresses consist of four
main parts:
• Protocol
• Address
• Directory path
• Retrieved file
uniform resource locator
(URL) A unique address that
enables a browser to locate
specific page files on the
Web.
3.2
The Web
Uniform Resource Locators
The address of the Web
page includes the domain
name. The domain name
includes a domain name
extension.
domain name Part of a
URL that identifies the entity
(such as a university,
individual, or business) that
sponsors the Web site.
domain name extension
Part of the URL that tells
users what type of
organization uses the
address.
3.2
The Web
Using a Web Browser
Web browsers are used to request, retrieve, and view Web
pages.
There are many different browsers to choose from,
including Microsoft Internet Explorer and Apple’s Safari.
Different browsers may interpret HTML in different ways.
3.2
The Web
Using a Web Browser
Many browsers include
accessibility options for
differently abled
individuals.
For example, most
browsers let users
increase the size of text
on the screen. This option
helps users with impaired
vision read text more
easily.
accessibility option
A feature that allows
differently abled individuals
to access and use Web
pages.
3.2
The Web
Locating Information Online
Search tools like search
engines and Web
directories can help you
locate what you are
looking for on the Internet
search engine An
application that locates
information about Web
pages and then stores this
information in searchable
databases that you can
access from your browser.
To use a search engine,
you make a search query.
Keyword search
Web directory Search tool
that catalogs Web sites (not
pages) by topic or category
Keyword Search An
important word related to
the specific topic you are
trying to locate.
3.3
Web Site Development Tools
Guide
Main Ideas
The type of hardware and
software needed to
develop a Web site
depends on the size and
complexity of the site.
You must have access to
a Web server to publish a
Web site.
External links let users
move between different
Web sites.
Key Terms
•text editor
•Web site development
application
•WYSIWYG (“What you
see is what you get”)
•Web hosting service
•external hyperlink
3.3
Web Site Development Tools
Software Needs
The software tools used to
create Web sites can be
divided into two broad
categories:
• Text editors
• Web site development
applications
text editor An application used
to enter and edit the HTML
code in a Web page.
Web site development
application Sophisticated
application package that some
Web developers use to create
Web sites.
3.3
Web Site Development Tools
Web Page Component Applications
The Web designer’s toolbox should include applications
for creating and modifying graphics, video, and audio
components.
3.3
Web Site Development Tools
Hardware and Connectivity Needs
Beyond the basic
hardware components,
many developers use
other input and output
devices:
• Scanner
• Digital camera
• Microphone
Many people also use a
Web hosting service to
gain access to a Web
server.
Web hosting service
Service that sells Web
server space, usually for a
monthly fee.
3.3
Web Site Development Tools
Linking to Online Resources
Hyperlinks set Web pages
apart from other Internet
documents.
External Hyperlinks can
connect one page to a
page on a different Web
site.
External Hyperlink
A hyperlink that takes a user
to a page on a different Web
site.
3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Guide
Main Ideas
Ethical, social, and legal
guidelines govern the use
of online resources.
Users must respect
copyright law and
trademark rules when
using digital resources
and cite their sources
whenever possible.
Key Terms
•Internet Use Agreement
•Netiquette
•commercial software
•shareware
•freeware
•copyright
3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
The Internet and Society
Online communications enable you to share all kinds of
information instantly with people around the world.
While the Internet helps communications, spending a lot of
time at computers can also isolate people. Be sure to
balance the time you spend online with other activities.
3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Ethical Internet Use
There are rules that online
users must follow. They
include:
• Internet Use Agreements
• Netiquette
• Protect your privacy
Internet Use Agreement
Used by organizations such
as schools and businesses
to regulate online use; also
called Acceptable Use
Policies or AUPs.
Netiquette General
guidelines that have
developed over the years to
guide Internet interactions.
3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Downloading and Copying from the Internet
Laws govern what you
can legally download from
Web sites and how you
can use the files.
commercial software
Software that is developed
and distributed with the
intention of making a profit.
Most software can be
categorized as
commercial software,
shareware, or freeware.
shareware Copyrighted
software that an author
allows to be freely
distributed.
freeware Software that can
be freely copied and used
for any legal purpose.
3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Using Information from the Web
It is not always legal to copy
information from the Web. A
copyright may be attached
to creative works on the Web.
The FAIR USE DOCTRINE
allows for small portions of a
work to be used for
educational purposes.
copyright Asserts that only
the copyright’s owner has
the right to sell his or her
work or to allow someone
else to sell it.
3.4
Social, Ethical, and Legal Issues
Using Information from the Web
To be an effective developer, you will have to learn how
to evaluate online resources to determine the quality of
the Web site’s information and how to cite digital
sources.
Wallace, Scott. “Into the Amazon.”
nationalgeographic.com. National Geographic Society.
2003 (accessed July 30, 2003).
<http://magma.nationalgeographic.com/ngm/0308/feat
ure1/index.html>.