Transcript Sources - researchprocessunits

The Research Process
Putting the pieces together.
Topic
Subtopics
Sources
Read/Think/Select
Notetake
Sort & Number Notes
Copyright 2008 Deborah B. Stanley
All rights reserved
This PowerPoint is intended for educational and/or instructional purposes in a school
library setting or for use by an instructor for single-event staff development. It is not
permissible to reproduce this material for commercial gain. This material may be
adapted by teacher librarians for site-specific research teaching with minimal deviation
from the original model and with proper credit to the source.
Made and distributed by
Deborah B. Stanley
[email protected]
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Let’s focus on:
Selecting
Sources
Concepts to Consider
What are sources?
What are formats?
How many sources should I use?
What is copyright?
Why are citations important?
Sources
Let’s begin by asking,
What are sources?
Anything and everything used for…
Sources
There are two
kinds of sources:
“I was
summoned by
my country,
whose voice I
can never hear
but with
veneration and
love…” (First
Inaugural
Address given
in New York on
Thursday, April
30, 1789.)
George
Washington
was born on
February 22,
1732, in
Westmoreland
County,
Virginia.
Sources
Primary
Sources
Secondary
Sources
Provide information
directly from:
Provide information
indirectly from:
a) a person such as
in letters, speeches,
and diaries
People writing what
they have learned
about other people,
places, or things in
sources such as
books, newspapers,
television, and
Internet web sites.
b) a place such as
Roman ruins; or
c) a thing such as
bones or artifacts
Sources
There is another way
to divide sources:
Sources
It’s also essential to know,
What are formats?
A format is a particular kind of source,
or the form it comes in.
In print sources, formats include:
books, references (encyclopedias)
magazines, newspapers, etc.
In nonprint sources, formats include:
Internet Web sites, DVDs, e-books, etc.
Sources
This simple story
explains formats
The grocery store aisle is full of boxes.
They’re all cereal.
The library media center is full of information.
They’re all sources.
But you went to the store for
certain kinds of cereal such as
Rice Toasties and Wheat Flakes.
You’re in the library to find certain kinds of information
such as books, encyclopedias, and Web sites.
For cereal or for sources,
there are different kinds in different packages.
Sources
How many sources
should I use?
How should I start?
For scheduled library time and for novice
researchers, try using the same number of
sources as days of research. For example,
3 days = 3 different kinds of sources.
Then 1 source for 1 day is okay?
No. Information literacy standards require
that students use a variety of formats,
meaning several different kinds of sources.
And always remember…
Sources
Using only
ONE source is…
No matter how many words you change.
http://www.plagiarism.org/
For a sample school plagiarism policy see this web site:
http://www.ouhsd.k12.ca.us/sites/ohs/depts/engl/plagiarism_policy.htm
Sources
You should use at
least three formats
…for every research project. For example:
Encyclopedias
Internet
Books
Sources
Developing Library
Locational Skills
means:
Using a variety of
references effectively,
i.e.: with index and guide
words.
Using a variety of
Using an electronic
electronic sources
card catalog
effectively,
to locate library books,
such as the Internet.
i.e.: with keywords and
i.e.: with search engines
call numbers.
and Boolean techniques.
Sources
What is
copyright?
It concerns the legal use of ideas,
information, and images.
It deals with the issue of
“information ownership.”
In research, observing copyright
helps prevent plagiarism.
Sources
Why is a citation
important?
Please give
me credit for
my work.
It gives credit to the
author(s).
It validates your information
so the teacher knows it is real.
It helps prevent plagiarism
plagiarism.
It has a specific style such as
MLA or APA.
Sources
Basic MLA Citations
Activity form for book with one author:
Alphabetical Order:________
Name:______________________________________________ Pd:_______
Book: MLA Citation
AUTHOR (last name-comma-first and middle)___________________________________________(period).
TITLE (underlined) _________________________________________________________________(period).
PLACE of publication _______________________________________________________________(colon):
PUBLISHER _____________________________________(comma), YEAR____________________period).
Example: Kent, Zachary and Susan Anne Dean. George Washington. Chicago: Children’s Press, 2006.
(The LMT may demonstrate using overhead transparencies.)
Sources
Basic MLA Citations
Activity form for print encyclopedia:
Alphabetical Order:________
Name:______________________________________________ Pd:_______
Reference (Encyclopedia): MLA Citation
AUTHOR if available (last name, first and middle)________________________________________(period).
ARTICLE TITLE (“quotation marks”)
________________________________________________(period).
TITLE of encyclopedia (underlined) ____________________________________________________(period).
YEAR______________________ followed by edition abbreviated to the letters: ed. _____________(period).
Example: Barnes, Jr., Isaac Jacob. “Washington, George.” The World Book Encyclopedia. 2007 ed.
(The LMT may demonstrate using overhead transparencies.)
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Basic MLA Citations
Activity form for general Internet web site:
Alphabetical Order:________
Name:______________________________________________ Pd:_______
Internet: MLA Citation
TITLE of web site (“quotation marks”)_________________________________________________(period).
DATE of access: Day + Month (abbreviated-period.) + Year ______________________________(no period)
URL (<Web site address in angle brackets>) _____________________________________________(period).
Example: “Energy Update.” 2 Jan. 2007 <http://www.cnn.com>.
(The teacher-librarian demonstrates with interactive white board.)
Sources
Speaking of Internet
Know the difference between:
“surfing”
(roaming
haphazardly)
(staying on
target)
and
“searching”
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Internet Resources
Education-friendly search tools include:
All-In-One Search Page
http://www.allonesearch.com/all1desk.html#DeskRef
AskERIC
http://ericir.syr.edu
A to Z Home Schooling
http://www.gomilpitas.com/homeschooling/explore
Awesome Library
http://www.awesomelibrary.com/
Biographical Dictionary
http://s9.com/biography
Blue Web’n
http://www.kn.pacbell.com/wired/bluewebn/index.html
Chico HS Library
http://melvil.chicousd.org/
DiscoverySchool database
http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/kidstuff.html
High School Hub
http://highschoolhub.org/hub/hub.cfm
InfoPlease
http://www.infoplease.com
Internet Public Library
http://www.ipl.org
Librarians’ Index to the Internet
http://www.lii.org
LibrarySpot
http://www.libraryspot.com
Proteus Internet Search
http://www.thrall.org/proteus.html
RefDesk.com
http://www.refdesk.com
Schools of California Online Resources for Education (SCORE) http://score.rims.k12.ca.us/
TeacherTube
http://www.teachertube.com/
Sources
Now you try it!
Sources
Sources