Transcript UNIX/NT Integration

HEPNT
Integration
John Gordon
DCI, RAL
The Unix Enthusiast’s View of
NT
Unix
The NT Enthusiast’s View of
NT
Unix
Harmony?
NT
Desktops
W31
A Unix Site
CPU
Mail
File Servers
Web
NT
W95
Print Servers
Network
W98
WAN
NT
Desktops
A PC Site
CPU
Mail
File Servers
Web
NT
W95
Print Servers
Network
W98
WAN
A Mixed Site
Desktops
CPU
Mail
File Servers
Web
NT
Print Servers
Network
W98
WAN
Areas for Integration
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File Services
Printing
Network Services
Cross-platform use
Porting
Data Flow
NT Client
NFS
Unix Client
Samba
NT Server
Unix Server
NFS
Samba
File Access
• Samba gateways between SMB and Unix
in both directions
• NFS client for NT allows access to Unix
servers
• NFS server for NT allows unix clients
access to NT files.
AFS
• AFS Client for NT
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allows access to the WAN
as well as your own cell
integrated fairly well with NT
windows and linemode interfaces
• AFS server for NT
– available
– no experience in HEP
Printing
• Most systems support LPR/LPD
Mac
PRT1
NTW
NTS
Unix
LPD
NETBIOS
LPR
LPD
Printing
• Using LPR printing gives a symmetry between
NT and Unix printing which can be used to:
– allow NT users to use an existing Unix printing
infrastructure
– allow Unix users to use an NT printing infrastructure
– allow an easy migration between unix and NT
– allow peaceful coexistence between unix and NT (and
VMS)
Network Services
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SMTP, DNS, DHCP, Dialup
All available on NT
Web servers and other tools
The web is a good example of a recent
development where unix doesn’t have
the advantage of history. Tools like
Frontpage give NT the lead even without
MS extensions.
Cross-Platform Access
• You have NT and want access to Unix
applications and tools.
• You have unix and want access to NT
applications and tools.
Unixy Things from NT
• X11 server
• Unix Environment on NT
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Cygnus cygwin32
Nutcracker
Interix
MS NT Services for Unix add-on pack
• Port programs to Win32 API
Cygwin
• A porting layer for unix applications
• DLL provides a large subset of unix system
calls: Posix.1, ANSI C, BSD and SVR4 services
including Berkeley sockets
• Gnu compiler tools
• bash shell
• Maps unix system calls onto WIN32
NuTcracker
• Extensive set of libraries which interface
unix system calls to WIN32.
Interix (was OpenNT)
• Alternative sub-system, not an emulation layer
• Implements system calls through a Posix subsystem
directly into the kernel services, not through WIN32.
• X11 server and clients, multi-user telnetd, bash shell,
gnu compilers.
NT applications from
Unix
• Get a PC
• Run emulation software
– SoftWindows, WABI
• Remote access to NT server from unix
– NT 3.51 Wincenter, Ntrigue, WinDD
– NT4 Terminal Server, Winframe, Wincenter
Remote Access to NT
NCD WinCenter
for MetaFrame
X11
Citrix MetaFrame
ICA
MS NT 4.0
Terminal Server Edition
T.120
X Server (UNIX/PC.)
Telnet / rsh
WinFrame Client
NT, W95/98,
UNIX, Mac..
M/S Thin Client
NT W/S,W95/98...
Batch
• LSF, the current batch system of choice
in HEP has support for mixed clusters
including unix and NT
• The only restriction is that the master
node must be unix
Unix in an NT
Environment
• Many unix suppliers provide NT services
on unix
• Digital Pathworks, Sun’s Cascade allow
their bigger servers to be integrated into
NT environments
• Allow sharing between unix and NT but
not always marketed as such.
Summary
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Unix and NT are just operating systems
They have many services in common
They each have their strengths
Most sites will have a mix of services
Ideally, use the one which is best for the job…
….but we all have historical and political
constraints.
URLs
• http://www.transarc.com/Product/EFS/TechSheets/Afsnt/afsnt.html AFS NT
• http://www.interix.com/ Interix Home Page
• http://www.datafocus.com/products/nutcracker/" NuTCRACKER Product
Information
• http://www.hummingbird.com/products/nc/nfs/index.html NFS Maestro
• http://www.hummingbird.com/products/nc/exceed/index.html Exceed
• http://www.platform.com/ Platform Computing Corporation