Transcript 1. INTRODUCING C History of C

CGS 3460
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1. INTRODUCING C
History of C
• Designed and implemented by Dennis Ritchie of Bell Labs
between 1969 and 1973.
• Created to serve as the implementation language for the
UNIX operating system.
• Named after the B language, its immediate predecessor
(which in turn was named after the BCPL language).
• Became popular during the 1980s, both for UNIX
programming and for developing applications for
personal computers.
• Dennis Ritchie’s article, “The Development of the C
Language,” can be found on the web at
cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/dmr/chist.html.
Versions of C
• K&R C
Described in Kernighan and Ritchie, The C Programming
Language, Prentice-Hall, 1978
• ANSI C (ISO C, C89)
ANSI standard X3.159-1989 (completed in 1988; formally
approved in December 1989)
International standard ISO/IEC 9899:1990
Described in Kernighan and Ritchie, The C Programming
Language, Second Edition, Prentice-Hall, 1988
• C99
International standard ISO/IEC 9899:1999
Advantages of C
• Advantages
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Efficient
Portable
Powerful
Flexible
Standard library
Integrated well with UNIX
Disadvantages of C
• Disadvantages
– Error-prone
– Difficult to understand
– Difficult to maintain
Recommendations
• Recommendations
– Use tools (debuggers, etc.) to make programs more
reliable.
– Use libraries of existing code (both to save time and
increase reliability).
– Adopt a sensible set of coding conventions.
– Avoid “tricks” and complicated code.
Demonstration
• Compiling
• Submitting