HTML HyperText Markup Language
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Transcript HTML HyperText Markup Language
HTML
HyperText Markup
Language
TA：黃俊輔(jojoman)
Email：[email protected]
History
• HTML has been in use in the World
Wide Web information infrastructure
since 1990, and specified in various
informal documents.
• The text/html media type was first
officially defined by the IETF HTML
working group in 1995 in [HTML20].
History
• Version
• HTML 2.0
• HTML 3.0
• HTML 3.2
• HTML 4.0
• HTML 4.01
Org
IETF
IETF
W3C
W3C
W3C
Year
1995
1996
1996
1997
1999
History
• IETF：Internet Engineering Task Force.
The IETF is a large open international
community of network designers,
operators, vendors, and researchers
concerned with the evolution of the
Internet architecture and the smooth
operation of the Internet. It is open to
any interested individual.
History
• W3C：World Wide Web Consortium
• The W3C was created in October
1994 to lead the World Wide Web to
its full potential by developing
common protocols that promote its
evolution and ensure its
interoperability.
History
• HTML is an application of ISO
8879:1986 -- Standard Generalized
Markup Language (SGML).
• SGML：Standard Generalized Markup
Language
Let’s Start!!
•
1.
2.
3.
What do you need?
A computer.
Browser: IE, Netscape, Opera……。
Text editor: Notepad, FrontPage。
Let’s Start!!
•Please open your Notepad.
Your First Webpage
• <html>
<head>
<title>web name</title>
</head>
<body>
web content
</body>
</html>
• Save to test.html
Comments
• Comments: introduced by "<!--“
<!-- jojoman is handsome-->
<! jojoman is handsome>
What’s in the <head>
• <title></title>
Every HTML document must contain
a <TITLE> element.
The title should identify the contents
of the document in a global context.
What’s in the <head>
• <meta></meta>
The <META> element is an
extensible container for use in
identifying specialized document
meta-information .
What’s in the <body>
• <body></body>
The <BODY> element contains the
text flow of the document, including
headings, paragraphs, lists, etc.
Parse the html
• Tag: start tag/end tag pair
<html>,</html>
• Attribute: onclick, onsubmit, bgcolor
Parse the html
• <html>
<head>
<title>web name</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor=#124345>
web content
</body>
</html>
Script
• Server-side V.S. Client-side
• Server-side script
the code is executed on the server.
Client-side script
the code is executed on the client.
Server-Side Script
• PHP (recursive acronym for
"PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor")
A widely-used Open Source generalpurpose scripting language that is
especially suited for Web
development and can be embedded
into HTML.
Server-Side Script - PHP
• We often use PHP to do the following:
1. Dealing with Forms.
2. Connecting to the database.
Client-Side Script
• Javascript
JavaScript is used in millions of Web
pages to improve the design,
validate forms, and much more.
JavaScript was developed by
Netscape and is the most popular
scripting language on the internet.
Client-Side Script
• JavaScript gives HTML designers a
programming tool
• JavaScript can put dynamic text into
an HTML page
• JavaScript can react to events
• JavaScript can read and write HTML
elements
• JavaScript can be used to validate
data
Client-Side Script
• Are Java and JavaScript the same?
• NO!
• Java and JavaScript are two
completely different languages!
References
• http://www.ietf.org
• http://www.w3.org
• HTML & XHTML, O’REILLY