Transcript setB
Writing HTML specifications: • A HTML specification for a WWW document must be stored in a plain text file • The text file must not contain any control characters • Thus, it is best to use a plain text editor to write a HTML specification • Save it in a file with either a .html or a .htm suffix • Where to store your HTML files – – In your public_html directory More on HTML • Like every language, HTML can be used correctly and incorrectly • You will frequently see badly written HTML specifications, because many web pages are written by self-taught enthusiasts • Web browsers try to avoid crashing when they find badly-written pages • But it is wrong to rely on this Structure versus Rendering (contd.) • If you look at web pages written by other people you will frequently rendering tags used • This is BAD practice • I will try to avoid doing so • If you read books on HTML you will find rendering tags described • Try to avoid using them Consider the following: Structure versus Rendering • • • • Some words are in boldface large letters How is this done? Actually, we should not wonder HOW it is done We should wonder WHY it is done Structure versus Rendering • Why was it done? • Because the author wanted to have a heading for the text that follows Structure versus Rendering • It just happens that Explorer (and Netscape too) render headings in large bold-face lettering • Other browsers might render headers differently • EG, a speaking browser on a mobile phone might render a heading by speaking it in a louder voice Structure versus Rendering • There are HTML tags to specify letter size and to specify boldface but it is BAD PRACTICE to use them • I hope that you will never catch me using them • Or even introducing them to you • If you find them in a book on HTML, ignore them Tagging for structure • Okay, then, how do we tag headings? • Surprise, surprise, there are special tags • Indeed, there are several kinds of heading tags because documents have several levels of headings Tagging for structure • Okay, then, how do we tag headings? • Surprise, surprise, there are special tags • Indeed, there are several kinds of heading tags because documents have several levels of headings Heading Tags come in pairs • Top-level headings are enclosed by <h1> and </h1> tags • 2nd-level headings are enclosed by <h2> and </h2> tags • 3rd-level headings are enclosed by <h3> and </h3> tags • And so on ... • Use lowercase tags – The picture on this slide is very old – It shows upper-case tags, which were allowed back then – Upper-case tags are not allowed any more – Do not use upper-case tags