Transcript THE 4 X 4 SEMANTIC MODEL - Wright State University

New World Order for Interactions across
Enterprise Information Systems in the Flat World
Amit Sheth*
Kno.e.sis center,
Wright State University,
Dayton, OH
Knowledge Enabled Information and Services Science
In the Flat World
• Drastic changes in the economy and businesses in the
flat world
– Agriculture -> Manufacturing -> Services
– Global supply chain
• EISs have changed – albeit slowly, but interactions
across businesses and EISs have changed more
drastically
Knowledge Enabled Information and Services Science
What has changed (1)
• “So far, most of the attention in Information Systems
has gone to data. We believe that this attention will
increasingly shift to information and knowledge on one
hand and processes on the other. The first deals with
service and product, the second deals with how to
effectively support or render it.” [“Processes Driving the
Networked Economy”, 1999]
Knowledge Enabled Information and Services Science
What’s new? What is not?
• Lots of work related to data is reusable, but (a) data
mediation in the context of more dynamic processes
present new challenges not encountered above and
require increasingly sophisticated use of semantics; and
(b) these levels of interoperability also apply to processes
and process interoperability issues.
• Web Services is NOT “old wine in new bottles.” Use of
XML and support for an intrinsic loose coupling
architecture, etc. provide just the right incremental
advances in software componentry to make them
practically useful, that has now resulted in wide
adoption.
• Finally, it seems it is possible take a “semantic approach”
Knowledge Enabled Information and Services Science
Semi-Formal
Informal
Degree of Agreement
Formal
Current Semantic
Web Focus
Lots of
Useful
Semantic
Technology
(interoperability,
Integration)
Qos
Other dimensions:
how agreements are reached,
…
Broad Scope of Semantics
Execution
Scope of Agreement
Task/
App
Domain
Industry
Gen.
Purpose,
Broad Based
Function
Common
Sense
Data/
Info.
Knowledge Enabled Information and Services Science
Cf: Guarino, Gruber
Dynamic and Adaptive Processes
• With the highly interdependent and dynamic nature of
businesses and their interactions with global partners
and suppliers, we see the increasing importance and
relevance of and research in dynamic trading processes.
– recognizing the events that affect a process
– how optimally to adapt a process once an event relevant to it has
been identified (“Autonomic Web Processes”).
Knowledge Enabled Information and Services Science
Semantic Services Sciences (3S Model)
Organization
Supports
Services
Realized
Using
Assets
Humans
Managers,
Developers, etc.
Software
Applications,
Databases etc.
Web Services
(SOAP, WSDL,
UDDI)
Semantic
Profiles
Semantic
Descriptions –
WSDL-S
Use
Lightweight Web
Services (REST,
AJAX)
Semantic
Descriptions –
WSDL-S/XML
Annotation
Need to
incorporate/
model
Technical
Human &
Organizational
Aspects.
Semantics can
play a unifying
role.
Semantic Specifications
·
·
·
Ontologies (Enterprise, Domain Specific (SUMO
Finance, General Purpose (SUMO, Cyc)
Standards (RosettaNet, ebXML, SCOR, etc. )
Taxonomies (NAICS etc.)
Knowledge Enabled Information and Services Science