Transcript Utilizing the World Wide Web for Research

Utilizing the World Wide
Web for Research
Linda Mills
Library Media Specialist
Greensburg Elementary
[email protected]
http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Library/index.htm
Why Research?
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Productive member of society
Life long learners (Information Power)
Develop a deep understanding of a subject
Create and share knowledge
Speak to an audience
Present a well reasoned point of view
Indiana Language Arts Standards
Digital
Information
Fluency (DIF)
• Ability to find, evaluate and use digital
information efficiently, effectively, and
ethically
• DIF is knowing how digital information is
different than print information
• Having the skills to use specialized tools
• Developing the dispositions needed in
digital environment
• http://21cif.imsa.edu
Research Models
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The Big6
Pathways to Knowledge
Research Cycle
Kids Connect Toolbox
Information Search Process
Savvy Seven
8 W’s of Information Inquiry
Stripling Pitts Research Process
Big6
http://big6.com/
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1. Task Definition
1.1 Define the information
problem
1.2 Identify information needed
2. Information Seeking
Strategies
2.1 Determine all possible
sources
2.2 Select the best sources
3. Location and Access
3.1 Locate sources (intellectually
and physically)
3.2 Find information within
sources
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4. Use of Information
4.1 Engage (e.g., read, hear,
view, touch)
4.2 Extract relevant
information
5. Synthesis
5.1 Organize from multiple
sources
5.2 Present the information
6. Evaluation
6.1 Judge the product
(effectiveness)
6.2 Judge the process
(efficiency)
Pathways to Knowledge
http://www.sparkfactor.com/clients/follett/home.html
• Appreciation and Enjoyment
Examine the world.
• Presearch
Develop an overview; explore relationships
• Search
Identify information providers; select information
resources; seek relevant information
• Interpretation
Interpret information
• Communication
Apply information; share new knowledge
• Evaluation
Evaluate process and product
Research Cycle by Jamie
Mckenzie
http://questioning.org
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QUESTIONING
PLANNING
GATHERING
SORTING & SIFTING
SYNTHESIZING
EVALUATING
REPORTING*
Information Search Process
http://www.asis.org/Bulletin/Feb-99/kuhlthau.html
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Initiation
Selection
Exploration
Formulation
Collection
Presentation
Savvy Seven
http://www.davidvl.org/savvy7.html
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What is the Question?
What Resources Should I Use?
How Do I Find the Information?
How Do I Gather the Information?
Which Information Do I Use?
How Do I Share What I Learned?.
How Do I Evaluate My Work?
8 W’s by Annette Lamb
http://eduscapes.com/tap/topic71.htm
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Watching (Exploring)
Wondering (Questioning)
Webbing (Searching)
Wiggling (Evaluating)
Weaving (Synthesizing)
Wrapping (Creating)
Waving (Communicating)
Wishing (Assessing)
Pitts/Stripling
http://witloof.sjsu.edu/courses/250
.loertscher/modelstrip.html
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Step 1:Choose a broad topic.
Step 2:Get an overview of the topic.
Step 3:Narrow the topic.
Step 4:Develop a thesis or statement of purpose.
Step 5:Formulate questions to guide research.
Step 6:Plan for research and production.
Step 7:Find / Analyze / Evaluate sources.
Step 8:Evaluate evidence / Take notes / Compile
bibliography.
Step 9:Establish conclusions / Organize information
into an outline.
Step 10:Create and present final product.
Using Books
• Books used first as a basic of
knowledge
• Maybe a picture book
• Maybe a non fiction book
• Maybe a group of books
• Background knowledge needed for
elementary students
Don’t make young
students search
(especially in
beginning)
Doesn’t come naturally even if they are
Digital Natives and not Digital
Immigrants
http://www.marcprensky.com/writing/Prensky%20%20Digital%20Natives,%20Digital%20Immigrants%20%20Part1.pdf
• Need to be taught how to search
• Need to be taught how to evaluate
Various tools to use and talk
about for research
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Pathfinders
Noodletools
Various other sources
Online encyclopedias
United Streaming
What is a
Pathfinder?
• Around since the ‘70s to help library users
navigate resources
• Establishes a plan of action
• Now Web-based and even more necessary!
• Sharable 24/7
• Scalable—makes teachers’ and librarians’ advice
vastly available
• Models selection, evaluation, strategies, and
balance!
Why Pathfinders
for Students?
• So they won’t miss the really good stuff!
• Promote a wide and balanced range of relevant
resources
• Multiple formats/Displays range of information
choices
• Self-efficacy may discourage exploration
• Can students discern quality?
• Move students from reliance on free Web or
their favorite search engine
Pathfinders
also……
• Inspire thoughtful, comprehensive
research
• Have annotations
• Select only the best
• Have broad spectrum of resources
• Have been evaluated by someone
• Are entry point to the oral defense
Pathfinders
• Help navigate through a wealth of search
choices and resources by developing a path
for a student to follow
• Examples and template for a pathfinder
http://mciu.org/~spjvweb/pathmenu.html
• My webpage – Go to Presentations
http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Libra
ry/index.htm
Noodletools
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Helps develop research skills
Bibliography maker
Helps develop search strategies
Articles about research
Location www.noodletools.com
Various sites to
use
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Reference sites
General sites
Specific subject area sites
Image sites
Links
My webpage:
http://www.greensburg.k12.in.us/ges/Libra
ry/index.htm
Find these under Presentations and then
Utilizing the Worldwide Web for Research
WebQuests
• Inquiry oriented activity
• Information is drawn from web
• Focus on using information and
synthesizing it, NOT searching for it
• http://webquest.sdsu.edu/
Need to teach
students to:
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Evaluate sites
How to be safe on the Internet
How to choose keywords
How to not plagiarize
Kathy Schrock
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Sponsored by Discovery School
Rich in grade level appropriate materials
Searching terminology
Evaluation skills
http://school.discovery.com/schrockguide/
Evaluating
Web sites
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Author’s expertise
Publisher reliable
Links from author’s page
Reliable pages link to this page
Information from traditional sources
Updated or published
Information accurate
Bias in perspective
Evidence in support
Example
• http://school.discovery.com/schrockg
uide/evalelem.html
Quick
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Quality Information Checklist
United Kingdom
8 step evaluation guide and online quiz
http://www.quick.org.uk
Cyberbee
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Rich site with a variety of materials
Evaluation guide
Research tools
Web projects
www.cyberbee.com/guides.html
CyberSmart!
www.cybersmartcurriculum.org/home
• Useful site for teaching children how to
use the Internet effectively and safely.
• Learn to evaluate and cite the web sites
• Developed by McMillian/McGraw Hill
• Designed for K-8
• Includes lesson plans, teacher support
materials and ISTE NETS alignment
Great Sites
Selection
Criteria
• American Library Association
• Selection criteria for Great Sites
• Four evaluation points:
authorship/sponsorship; purpose;
design/stability; and content.
• http://www.ala.org/parentspage/grea
tsites/criteria.html
Illinois
Mathematics and
Science Academy
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Information fluency tips
Copyright information
Locating resources
Evaluating resources
Search challenges modules
http://21cif.imsa.edu
Premise
“If people believe that they have
searched the entire Internet when
they run a search on a search engine,
they are sadly mistaken—they are
only seeing a subset of what is
available.”
Vint Cerf, Financial Times, 12/5/01
What is the
Invisible Web?
• ‘Stuff’ that search engine crawlers cannot
or will not add to their databases.
• Two to 50 times larger than the visible
Web
• Invisible Web resources often much higher
quality than the visible Web
• Great article by Chris Sherman entitled
“The Invisible Web: Uncovering Sources
Search Engines Can’t See” in Library
Trends
Web sites explained
• Deep Web refers to everything else.
• Surface Web refers to Internet resources
indexed by general search engines.
• Invisible Web refers to Internet resources
accessible only by specialized search tools.
• Opaque Web refers to Internet resources that
are unlinked.
• Dark Web refers to Internet resources that are
off limits except to the privileged few.
Pay vs. Non Pay
Sites
Pay sites
• Online encylopedias
• United Streaming
• Other data bases
Non cost sites
(Invisible sites)
• INSPIRE--free to ALL people in
Indiana
• Databases of magazine resources
• http://inspire.net
Online
Encylopedias
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Encyclopedia(s)
Atlas
Dictionary
Search features
Videos--Animations--Magazines
Try one
http://www.greensburg.k12.in.
us/ges/Library/encyclopedia.
htm
• Groliers:
ID: greensburg
password: home
• World Book
ID: greensburg
password: home
United
Streaming
http://www.unitedstre
aming.com/
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Great way to get full length videos
Great way to get snippets of videos
Lots of images
Can use on computer for whole class
Students can use individually
Wikipedia
Good or bad???
New vocabulary
What is Web 2.0?
• Blogs, podcast, wikis, webinar,
video broadcasting, music files,
photo sharing
Examples of
Student Research
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Penguins
Continents
Animals/Biomes
Scientists
Space
Lewis and Clark
Locating resources
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Don’t waste time searching for things
Search familiar print sources online
Use unique terms
Use +, - and””operators to narrow search
Consider spelling variations on search
Search best sites in depth
Refine your search strategy
Use synonyms
Focus on format
Search the invisible web
What? No Google?
Instead use……
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Directories or Kid Search Engines
Reference sites
Specific subject areas
Teacher sites
Maps and Cams
Pathfinders
WebQuests
Integrating
digital content
into projects
• Respect copyright laws
• Use the browser’s find feature
• Use bookmarks/favorites to organize
documents
• Create an annotated URL list
• Cite internet documents correctly
• Incorporate text from the web in reports and
presentations
• Incorporate images
• Publish educational information using web pages
Remember….
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Teach research model to be effective.
Use pathfinders
Evaluate information
Teach students to be good consumers
Explore sites in depth
Use site map
Important information may be just a click away
Becoming
Researchers
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Prepare yourself for change
Teach students directly
Teach the teachers
Propose a research model for your
school or situation
• Gain administrative support
Last but not least….
Have fun!