World Wide Web Basics

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Transcript World Wide Web Basics 

The Web Wizard’s Guide
to HTML
Chapter One
World Wide Web Basics
Chapter Objectives
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Show how Web page authors and computers work
together
Look behind the scenes when a browser displays a
Web page
Explain what HTML is and how Web pages use
HTML
Demonstrate how to create Web pages with nothing
more than a text editor and a browser
Explore the role of HTML standards on the Web
To View the World Wide Web
You Need
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An Internet-ready computer
 An Internet access account
 A Web browser
To Create a Web Site
You Need
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An Internet-ready computer
 A text editor (or Web page construction kit)
 An Internet access account
 A password-protected account on a Web server
Uniform Resource Locator
(URL)
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All Web pages are addressed with URLs
 The URL specifies
– A server name
– A directory path
– A filename
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URLs are part of the HTTP (Hypertext
Transfer Protocol) communications
protocol.
Web Page Displays
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All browsers are designed to display .html
and .htm files
 Browsers have to rework their page displays
whenever a browser window is resized
 Web pages can look a little different on
different computers
 Web page authors cannot completely
control their page displays
The Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML)
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HTML formatting commands control Web
page displays
 All HTML formatting is achieved with
HTML elements
 All HTML elements are based on HTML
tags and tag-pairs
 HTML files can be created with text editors
A HTML TagTemplate
<html>
<head>
<title>
(insert text for the browser’s title bar here)
</title>
</head>
<body>
(insert visible Web page elements here)
</body>
</html>
HTML Editors
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Pros
– Offer lots of useful features
– Help you avoid tagging errors
– Can save time
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Cons
– Can interfere with HTML mastery
– Can be intimidating for beginners
The Web Page
Development Cycle
1. Save your HTML file
2. Load the file into your Web browser
3. Review the file with your Web browser
4. Revise your HTML file with a text editor
Repeat this cycle as often as needed
Industry Standards
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Most HTML tags are in the official HTML
standard
All HTML-compliant browsers recognize
the standard HTML tag set
The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)
sets the industry standard for HTML
Non-Standard HTML
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Some HTML tags are browser-specific
extensions to HTML
Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer
do not always recognize each other’s
HTML extensions
Web pages that use non-standard HTML
may not display well for all users
Browser manufacturers create their own
HTML extensions to influence the
industry standard
HTML Validation Services
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A validation service on the Web can check
an HTML file for you
A validation service can be used to
identify tagging errors and HTML
extensions
Some HTML tagging errors are difficult to
locate by manual inspection
If you don’t use an HTML editor, a
validation service can be very helpful