Transcript Watermanagement_SH - Graduate Institute of International and

Water management :
Partnership between state and
community in Cochabamba
Sabine Hoffmann, PhD student at IHEID
[email protected]
1
Plan :
Water management
• Context
• History
• Future
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[email protected]
State service
Features
•
Structural deficit (covered 87% of costs 2001)
•
Taken out debt (30 million US$, 2005)
•
Inefficient management
•
High rate of physical and commercial water loss
(55 - 63 %, 2005)
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Community services
Common features
•
Social unity, though with divisions
•
Social organisational model based on
principle of reciprocity
•
Collective and individual rules
•
Internal authority
•
Low rate of physical and commercial water
loss (5 - 10 %, 2005)
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Services
ˇtat
ique
State
privˇ (citerne)
Private
(tank)
commu
nautaire
community
Number
No
mbre
1
~ 230
~ 200
Population [%]
48
~ 25
~ 21
l/p/dd
Quantitˇ [l/p/j]
111
33
67
0.4
2.5
0.16
3
Prix [US $/m ]
Price
5
Taux
dÕespˇ rancerate
de vie
Life expectancy
67 ans
47 ans
Childdemortality
Taux
mortalitˇrate
enfantine
45 dˇc¸s/
1000
enfants
nˇs born
Deaths
/ 1000
babies
145 dˇ
c¸s
deaths
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Causes of the ‘water war’
Law and the concession
•
Exclusive right to provide service (monopoly)
•
Compulsory connection to network
•
No recognition of right to provide community
services within a concession
•
Price increases (35 - 100 %)
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Ending the concession
Amendment of the law
The new law
•
Abolition of exclusive rights to provide services
(monopoly)
•
Recognition of right to provide community
services within a concession
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State- community joint
management:
SEMAPA
•
Extending main lines
•
Selling water « wholesale »
Community organisations
•
Installation of secondary networks
•
Water management
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State- community joint management:
SEMAPA
•
Credits
•
Solvency and profitability
•
Economic viability
•
 Reduction of extension and administrative costs
•
 Reduction of water loss
•
 Maximisation of earnings
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State- community joint
management:
Community organisations
•
Reciprocity
•
Eco-sociale rationale
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 Reduction price of water
•
 Improvement water quality
•
 Increase water quantity
•
Reasonable demand
•
Monetary and non-monetary resources
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