Transcript Information For Your Health

Information For Your Health
What Is Diabetes?
A chronic disease that has no cure, but
can be treated effectively
Marked by high levels of blood glucose
resulting from defects in insulin
production, insulin action or both
The cause continues to be a mystery
although genetics and, obesity, and lack
of exercise play important roles
Major Types of Diabetes
Type I diabetes: This results from the body's failure
to produce insulin. 5-10% of American have this
type of diabetes
Type 2 diabetes: This results from insulin resistance
in that the body fails to use insulin properly. 90-95%
of Americans have this type of diabetes
Gestational diabetes: This occurs with pregnancy,
but resolves after delivery. This requires monitoring
due to a future risk of developing Type 2 diabetes
Pre-diabetes: This is a condition in which a person's
blood sugar is higher than normal, but not high
enough to diagnose type 2 diabetes
Facts and Figures
About 23.6 million people in the United
States have diabetes
5.7 million of these people have diabetes,
but do not know it
57million Americans have pre-diabetes
(This is a condition that in general is
without symptoms)
Given present trends, for those born in
2000, one in three Americans, and 1 in 2
minorities will develop diabetes in their
lifetime
Health Disparities and Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is more common in African
Americans, Latinos, Native Americans, and
Asian Americans/Pacific Islanders, as well as
the aged population
African Americans are 1.6 times more likely
than whites to have diabetes.
African Americans have a greater burden of
complications such as blindness, kidney
disease and amputations
Risk Factors For Getting
Diabetes
A family history of diabetes
Being a member of a minority ethnic group as noted
before
Being overweight or obese
Childhood obesity
History of having diabetes during pregnancy
Lack of exercise
Diabetes can be prevented by adopting a healthy
lifestyle including weight control, exercise and
a healthy diet
Signs and Symptoms
There may be no symptoms
Unexplained weight loss
Excessive thirst and excessive
urination
Blurred vision
Repeated and persistent infections
Complications of Diabetes
Heart disease and Stroke
Hypertension
Visual Loss
Kidney disease
Nervous system disease (neuropathy-loss
of sensation, and at times foot pain)
Amputations
Dental disease
Pregnancy complications
Remember these complications are largely
preventable!
All About Pre-diabetes
A condition in which blood glucose levels
are higher than normal but not yet high
enough to be called diabetes
Fasting blood sugar 100-125. (fasting
blood sugar 126 or greater is diabetes,
and a blood sugar 200 or greater after
eating is consistent with diabetes)
Helped by 30 minutes of moderate
activity daily and 5-10% weight reduction
Thriving With Diabetes
 Eat well as instructed by a dietician
 Be active every day. Exercise 30-60 minutes daily
 See your health care team regularly at agreed on
times. Call them for any problems
 Take charge of your health, you are responsible for
controlling your blood sugar
 Check your blood sugar regularly at home (fasting
and after supper, and other times as needed)
 Take your medication as prescribed, even if you
have no symptoms of diabetes.
Thriving With Diabetes (Cont.)
Take care of your heart: watch your blood
pressure, cholesterol, and triglycerides
Take care of your eyes: have a dilated eye exam
each year
Take care of your feet: inspect your feet, and
have them looked at during appointments
Take care of your kidneys: get needed blood
and urine tests
Get your Hemoglobin A1c (HGBA1c) checked
every 3-6 months. This tells how well your
diabetes is controlled
Some Important Goals
Blood pressure
Less than 130/80
Cholesterol
Triglycerides
LDL less than 100
HDL above 45 (men)
HDL above 55
(women)
Less than 150
HGBa1c
Less than 7
BMI
(Body Mass Index as on
available charts based on height
and weight)
Less than 25, or at
least 5-10% weight
loss if needed
A Healthy Diet
Rich in vegetables and fruits
Use of whole grain, high fiber food: oatmeal, brown
rice, whole wheat baked goods
Consume fish, especially fish such as salmon and tuna
twice weekly
Limit intake of saturated fats, and trans fat (partially
hydrogenated fats)
Choose and prepare foods with little or no salt
Use lean meat and low fat dairy products
People with diabetes can eat the same food the family
eats, with attention to food choices
Some important medications you
might need to take
 Aspirin (in general 81 mg daily)
 Lisinopril, Cozaar and other such drugs to
protect your kidneys
 Statins: To control your cholesterol e.g.
Lovastatin, Zocor, Lipitor
 Oral medications for glucose control:
glyburide, glipizide, metformin
 Insulin: examples: NPH, Regular, 70/30
You should discuss these with your doctor
Remember: You can thrive with
diabetes, and possibly prevent prediabetes and diabetes by living a
healthy lifestyle
Some Helpful Web Sites
1) American Diabetes Association
Home Page
2) WHO | Diabetes
3) CDC's Diabetes Program Publications & Products - National
Diabetes Fact Sheet
4) FCIC: Diabetes -- Fact Sheet
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A Ministry of the Park Hill Seventh-Day Adventist
Church
Health Ministry Department
3385 Albion Street
Denver, Colorado 80207
Phone: 303-333-5089 E-mail:
[email protected]