Transcript Unit 1 Neolithic -Prehistory

RECONSTRUCTING
THE PAST
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We will identify major causes and describe the major effects of the
following events from 8000 BC to 500 BC: the development of agriculture
and the development of the river valley civilizations (1A)
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Identify the characteristics of civilization (2B)
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Identify methods used by archaeologists, anthropologists, historians, and
geographers to analyze evidence (29A)
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Identify important changes in human life caused by the Neolithic
Revolution (17A) CLOSING TASK
PREHISTORY
Characteristics of the Paleolithic,
Mesolithic, and Neolithic
define: pre·his·tor·ic
Of, relating to, or
belonging to the
era before the
creation of
writing and/or
recorded history.
So, how do we know about the caveman if they
didn’t keep written records?
Archeologists, Anthropologist
Historian, Geographers
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Bones
Carbon dating
Cave paintings
Pottery
Weapons
Soil
Look on page 13
ICE AGE
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L02XRHb
qSE4
What are some challenges the early humans
would have had to face during the Ice Age
(Paleolithic Age)?
Nomadic Life issues =
Shelter, Food, Drinking
Water, Warmth/ Clothing,
Protection from Predators,
etc…
Paleolithic Age
Background
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Hominids- are creatures
that walk upright on 2 legs
and opposable thumbs
Hominids originated in in
Africa
Lived during the Stone
Age and Ice Age
They where nomadic
cavemen/women
following their food with
no permanent place to call
home
Characteristics of
PALEOLITHIC AGE
(Old Stone Age) 2 million BC
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Kept fires going
Made tools and weapons
out of bone--Chipped stone
(flint or obsidian) example
fishhooks made of bone
Developed club, spear, and
bola
Primitive religion
Development of language
Lived in clans
Used animal skins for
warmth
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Women and men had different jobs
but were seen a equals
Lived in caves, dugouts, or trees
Hunter/Gatherers
Neolithic Age – 8000BC to 3000BC
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Definition – New Stone Age ( farming, irrigation, and the
development of communities)
BC time period is negative years – the closer you get to zero
the small the number becomes
20 minutes
STOP
Get into groups of four and research what
methods are used to analyze evidence by
the following
Archeologists, Anthropologist
Historian, Geographers
Anthropologists and
Archaeologists
Anthropology is the
study of the origins and
development of people
and their societies.
 Archaeology is a
specialized branch of
anthropology.
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Archaeologists (artifacts, fossils, excavations, etc.)
Anthropologists (fieldwork, analysis of written records, DNA, etc.)
Historians and Geographer
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Historians rely
primarily on written
evidence to determine
how people lived in the
past.
Today, historians
study such evidence as
photographs and film,
as well as written
documents such as
letters and tax records.
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Geographer studies
the earth and its
features and of the
distribution of life on
the earth including
physical
characteristics, the
surface features, and
the effects of human
activity
Historians (primary sources, secondary sources, oral history, etc.)
Geographers (GIS, satellite images, different types of maps, etc.)
Interesting Fact:
Neolithic people in many parts of the world
independently developed agriculture.
Neolithic Revolution
(New Stone Age)
8000 BC
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Climate change (temperature
rise)
Development of Agriculture
Domestication of animals/
herding
Irrigation
Metal work
Because of the changes above list
some things that would alter in day to
day life.
Changes in society/villages do to the
Neolithic Revolution- 8000 BC
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Food surplus
Population growth
Advancement in cities/ communities
Trade
Specialized works
Complex institutions-examples governments
Why would the transitioning to agriculture and living in
villages increase the need to develop a form of government?
List some positive and negative consequences as a result of living
in large community
Which will quickly led to …
POSITIVES
 Increase in food
 Art
 Religion
 Social classes based on
money
 Government/ Laws
NEGATIVES
 Crime
 Spread of disease
 Attacks
 When natural disasters
occur, casualty rates
will be high
EARLY/ 1ST
CIVILIZATIONS
Neolithic Technology
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Creating laws
Developed pottery, brushes,
paints
Learned weaving
Built houses & furniture
Invented the wheel, & plow
(in some areas)
New tools: awls, wedges,
saws, drills, chisels, needles,
etc.
Developed a calendar
What do you think the first
laws would be in an early
civilization. List as many as
you can in one minute
In a group of 3 decide the
three most important laws for
your civilization from your
lists.
Rise of cities 3000 BC
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List some specific characteristics of advanced
civilizations/cities in Neolithic times
Advanced cities- aqueduct, wells, roads, buildings
Specialized workers-artist, cloths, farming, ranching, carpenter,
soilder, merchant, teacher
Complex institutions – government- rules, religion- priest, economicstrade, bartering, education
Record keeping
Advanced technology – pottery, metalwork, plow, sailboat, wheel,
beginning of Bronze Age in Sumer in 3000 BC
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What are some things you CANNOT live
without? – Make a list.
WATER
SHELTER (housing, clothing, etc.)
FOOD
So, where would man choose to settle
once he no longer needed to hunt
and gather?
RIVER VALLEYS
Egypt, Mesopotamia, India, &China
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Exit Ticket
Complete Neolithic Revolution Before and After Chart
THEN…
In a complete and well developed paragraph,
summarize the important changes in human life
caused by the Neolithic Revolution
Hint what was life like before, during and after the
Neolithic Revolution