Transcript Genetics
Writing Prompt • Pretend you have just discovered a new species of animal in your backyard. Describe the phenotype and genotype of this new organism and then draw how it looks. Show the traits! • Include in your writing – Is each trait dominant or recessive? – Is the animal pure of hybrid for each trait? Warm-Up • What is a monohybrid cross? • Give me the possible genotype of a human with a round shaped face. – Round = dominant – Square = recessive • Give me the possible genotype of a human with short eyelashes. – Long eyelashes = dominant – Short eyelashes = recessive Trait Genotype Phenotype Pure or Hybrid Warm-Up • Explain the meaning of the words ‘Pure’ and ‘Hybrid’. • Write an example of the genotype of a ‘Pure’ organism and a ‘Hybrid’ organism. Answer • Pure- organisms that have two of the same genes for a certain trait –BB or bb • Hybrid- organisms that have two unlike genes for a certain trait –Bb Vocabulary Ladder • • • • • Allele Chromosomes Genes Heredity/Inheritance Inherited traits • • • • Genotype Phenotype Dominant traits Recessive traits Warm-Up • What is the difference between genotype and phenotype? • Give an example of a genotype. • Give an example of a phenotype. Warm-Up • Define “Traits” and “Phenotype”. • Describe the difference between the two terms. • Study for You Test!!!! Warm-Up • What are traits? • Describe/List some of your traits. Genetics Who do you look like? Gregor Mendel – Father of Genetics Gregor Mendel • Carried out first important studies of heredity • Heredity/Inheritance – passing of traits from parent to offspring – ½ genetic material from Mom – ½ genetic material from Dad • Worked with pea plants (garden peas) • Father of Genetics Traits • Physical characteristics • May be the same as your parents b/c – Genetic info (DNA) passed from parent to offspring during reproduction. • Ex. – hair color, eye shape, ability to roll your tongue, height Chromosomes • Structures found in the nucleus • Contains genetic information (DNA) Gene • Segment of DNA on a chromosome • Determine traits of an organism • There are genes for all sorts of characteristics – Height – Nose size and shape – Color of hair, skin, eyes Genes (cont) • Genes for a trait come in pairs • One gene from that pair is called an allele. Genes (cont) • Expressed in 2 different forms • GENOTYPE- set of genes carried by organism – Represented by combination of letters • PHENOTYPE- physical characteristics – What it looks like Inherited Traits • Characteristics passed from parent to offspring • Some dominant • Some recessive Dominant Trait • Trait that will always be expressed • Represented by capital letters Recessive Trait • Trait that will only be expressed if 2 recessive alleles are present • If a dominant allele is present, the recessive trait will not be expressed • Alleles represented by lowercase letters Important Vocabulary • • • • • • • • • • • Heredity Inheritance Traits Chromosomes Genes Allele Genotype Phenotype Inherited Traits Dominant trait Recessive trait • Page 11– Write the answer only for #1-10. – Write the letter only for #1-5 • Page 12– Write the answer only for # 1-10 • Page 13– Copy the chart and fill in the blanks and write the question and the answer for #11 &12 – Write the answer only for #1-5 • Page 14– Write the answer only for # 1-15 – Write the answer in complete sentences for the ‘Reaching Out’ problem at the bottom of the page. Sentences • Using the 11 vocabulary words, write a 6 word sentence for each word.