Transcript Mitosis - Cancer - Hicksville Public Schools

Aim: How can mitosis lead to
a disruption in homeostasis?
What could have caused this?
Cancer
Approximately 200 types
Skin
cancer
Lung
cancer
Prostate
cancer
Breast
cancer
Can you think of some?
Healthy cells
Grow, divide, and replace
themselves during the
process of mitosis. Each
mitotic division leads to
the development of 2
NEW healthy cells.
How do cells divide by mitosis?
Abnormal cell division
• Sometimes,
normal cells lose
their ability to limit
and direct their
growth. They
divide too rapidly
and grow
without any
order.
What happens if cells are unable to
regulate the cell cycle?
Cancer is a disease that
is caused by loss of
control of the cell cycle.
Cells continue to divide uncontrollably.
Cancer
• Cancer: uncontrolled
cell division
Tumors (lumps or
masses of abnormal
cells) will form as a result
of this uncontrolled cell
division. Tumors can be
either malignant
(cancerous) or benign
(not cancer)
Metastasize
Cancer cells also
can spread, to
other parts of the
body and form
new tumors.
How do they
spread?
They spread by using
the circulatory system
and lymph nodes.
What causes cancer?
•Damage
to cancers
the cellsinDNA
from:
A third of all
the UK
are linked
Diet
Mutations
- to genes,
theof food increase your
to ••Poor
diet.
Some
types
cell's instructions for
risk,
whiletheothers
to have a
•Certain
Pathogens
making
proteins itseem(Viruses)
needs to survive,
grow
protective
effect.
For example, a diet low in
•Genetics
and multiply.
saturated
fat,
alcohol
and
red
meat
and
••UV
Ultraviolet
radiation
Radiation (Sun)
high
in fiber, fruit and vegetables can
• Viruses
•Drugs
(Tobacco)
•
Usually
cancer
is notof some cancers, such as
reduce your risk
inherited
•Chemicals
breast
and colon cancer. Fruit and
• Carcinogens: chemicals
•Ionizing contain
radiationnatural chemicals,
vegetables
antioxidants, that mop up free radicals:
Anatomy of a Cigarette
• Smoking causes a third of all
cases of cancer
• Cigarette smoke contains 3000
different chemicals, some of
which are carcinogens. Some
people have a lower risk of
developing lung cancer. Their
cells may be more efficient at
repairing the gene damage
caused by the carcinogens.
Lung Cancer:
Healthy Lung
Cancerous Lung
Treatment
body physical
tissues, such as breast and
•Certain
Surgery:
prostate,
require
hormones
to
develop.
When
removal of the
cancer originates in these tissues, it responds
malignant tumor
to hormones. This means that the cancer
•responds
Radiation:
disruptsmanipulation, which
to hormonal
cell division
includes
the administration of hormones, the
of hormones, or interference with
•withdrawal
Chemotherapy:
hormone
function.
For
example,
by
using
drugs that prevent cell
chemicals that block the action of these
division by interfering
hormones, it is possible to slow down, or even
with
mitosis
stop, the growth of cancer cells