Transcript 16 Clicker Questions-2 - jj-sct

CAMPBELL
BIOLOGY
TENTH
EDITION
Reece • Urry • Cain • Wasserman • Minorsky • Jackson
16
The Molecular Basis
of Inheritance
Clicker Questions by
Roberta Batorsky
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Who conducted the X-ray diffraction studies that were
key to the discovery of the structure of DNA?
a) Griffith
b) Franklin
c) Meselson and Stahl
d) Chargaff
e) McClintock
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Who conducted the X-ray diffraction studies that were
key to the discovery of the structure of DNA?
a) Griffith
b) Franklin
c) Meselson and Stahl
d) Chargaff
e) McClintock
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
How do the leading and the lagging strands differ?
a) The leading strand is synthesized in the same
direction as the movement of the replication fork,
whereas the lagging strand is synthesized in the
opposite direction.
b) The leading strand is synthesized at twice the rate of the
lagging strand.
c) The lagging strand is synthesized continuously, whereas
the leading strand is synthesized in short fragments that
are ultimately stitched together.
d) The leading strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides
to the 3' end of the growing strand, whereas the lagging
strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 5' end.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
How do the leading and the lagging strands differ?
a) The leading strand is synthesized in the same
direction as the movement of the replication fork,
whereas the lagging strand is synthesized in the
opposite direction.
b) The leading strand is synthesized at twice the rate of the
lagging strand.
c) The lagging strand is synthesized continuously, whereas
the leading strand is synthesized in short fragments that
are ultimately stitched together.
d) The leading strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides
to the 3' end of the growing strand, whereas the lagging
strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 5' end.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What kind of evidence about the structure of DNA
came from each of the following branches of science?
a) physics
b) chemistry
c) biology
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What kind of evidence about the structure of DNA
came from each of the following branches of science?
a) physics: X-ray crystallography
b) chemistry: The nature of ribose sugar, purines, and
pyrimidines
c) biology: Data from Chargaff on the ratios between A
and T and so on
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
If the result of the Hershey and Chase experiment
had been that radioactive sulfur (35S) was found
inside the cells instead of radioactive phosphorus
(32P), what could have been concluded?
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If the result of the Hershey and Chase experiment
had been that radioactive sulfur (35S) was found
inside the cells instead of radioactive phosphorus
(32P), what could have been concluded?
It would have been concluded that protein functions
as the genetic material (this, of course, did not
occur).
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Define and diagram “semiconservative” as it applies to
DNA replication.
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Telomeres, or the ends of linear chromosomes, have
special structure and function, even though they are
noncoding. Describe their structure and function.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What enzyme does a gamete-producing cell include
that compensates for replication-associated
shortening?
a) DNA polymerase II
b) ligase
c) telomerase
d) DNA nuclease
e) proofreading enzyme
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What enzyme does a gamete-producing cell include
that compensates for replication-associated
shortening?
a) DNA polymerase II
b) ligase
c) telomerase
d) DNA nuclease
e) proofreading enzyme
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is true of heterochromatin but
not of euchromatin?
a) It is accessible to enzymes needed for gene
expression.
b) It becomes less tightly compacted after cell division.
c) It includes DNA primarily found in expressed genes.
d) It appears more pale when observed
microscopically.
e) It remains tightly coiled at the G1 phase.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following is true of heterochromatin but
not of euchromatin?
a) It is accessible to enzymes needed for gene
expression.
b) It becomes less tightly compacted after cell division.
c) It includes DNA primarily found in expressed genes.
d) It appears more pale when observed
microscopically.
e) It remains tightly coiled at the G1 phase.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following results from Griffith’s experiment
is an example of transformation?
a) Mouse dies after being injected with living S cells.
b) Mouse is healthy after being injected with living R
cells.
c) Mouse is healthy after being injected with heat-killed
S cells.
d) Mouse dies after being injected with a mixture of
heat-killed S and living R cells.
e) In blood samples from the mouse in D, living S cells
were found.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Which of the following results from Griffith’s experiment
is an example of transformation?
a) Mouse dies after being injected with living S cells.
b) Mouse is healthy after being injected with living R
cells.
c) Mouse is healthy after being injected with heat-killed
S cells.
d) Mouse dies after being injected with a mixture of
heat-killed S and living R cells.
e) In blood samples from the mouse in D, living S cells
were found.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Nitrogenous bases are paired in specific combinations.
Which of the following does not provide evidence to
support this conclusion?
a) A purine-purine pair is too wide to account for the
2-nm diameter of the double helix.
b) A pyrimidine-pyrimidine pair is too narrow to account
for the 2-nm diameter of the double helix.
c) The X-ray data suggested that the double helix had
a uniform diameter.
d) Whenever one strand of DNA has an A, the partner
strand has a T.
e) The pairs of nitrogenous bases are held together
by hydrogen bonds.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Nitrogenous bases are paired in specific combinations.
Which of the following does not provide evidence to
support this conclusion?
a) A purine-purine pair is too wide to account for the
2-nm diameter of the double helix.
b) A pyrimidine-pyrimidine pair is too narrow to account
for the 2-nm diameter of the double helix.
c) The X-ray data suggested that the double helix had
a uniform diameter.
d) Whenever one strand of DNA has an A, the partner
strand has a T.
e) The pairs of nitrogenous bases are held together
by hydrogen bonds.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Scientific Skills Exercise
Tables like the one shown here are useful for
organizing sets of data representing a common set of
values (in this case, percentages of A, G, C, and T) for
a number of different samples (in this case, species).
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Does the distribution of bases in sea urchin DNA and
salmon DNA follow Chargaff’s rules?
a) Yes, because the %A + %T is greater than the
%G + %C in both species.
b) No, because %A + %T does not equal %G + %C
in both species.
c) Yes, because the %A approximately equals the
%T and the %G approximately equals the %C in
both species.
d) No, because %A is higher than %T and %G is
higher than %C in both species.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Does the distribution of bases in sea urchin DNA and
salmon DNA follow Chargaff’s rules?
a) Yes, because the %A + %T is greater than the
%G + %C in both species.
b) No, because %A + %T does not equal %G + %C
in both species.
c) Yes, because the %A approximately equals the
%T and the %G approximately equals the %C in
both species.
d) No, because %A is higher than %T and %G is
higher than %C in both species.
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the %T in wheat DNA?
a) approximately 22%
b) approximately 23%
c) approximately 28%
d) approximately 45%
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
What is the %T in wheat DNA?
a) approximately 22%
b) approximately 23%
c) approximately 28%
d) approximately 45%
© 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.