Transcript Genetic Engineering

Genetic Engineering
Major Techniques
• PCR –
• Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Restriction Endonucleases and Gel
Electrophoresis
• DNA Profiling/DNA Fingerprinting
• Gene Transfer: Transformation
Polymerase Chain Reaction
• Used to make millions of copies of select section
of DNA
• When small amount of DNA are found but large
amounts are needed for analysis
• Semen, blood, other tissues, long-dead
specimens – DNA from all can be amplified
• Thermus aquaticus – hot springs bacterium
• http://www.dnalc.org/ddnalc.org/resources/pcr.ht
ml
Gel Electrophoresis
• Separate DNA, proteins or other
molecules based on charge and size
DNA Profiling/Fingerprinting
DNA Profiling Uses
• CSI
• Paternity
• CDC – epidemiology: disease
transmission
• Geneology
• Breeding authenticity
• Who did it?
Gene Transfer and GMOs
Organisms that have had genes
transferred into them from a different
species are GMOs or Transgenic Orgs.
Pros and Cons of GMOs
• Be able to explain the + and – of Bt maize.
• At least 2 arguments for each case
Animal/Plant Cloning
• Plants = easy….from parts. Animals = difficult
• Procedure:
Therapeutic Cloning
• Be able to argue for and against TC with
at least two points in each case
• Be able to summarize the aims, outcome
(to date) and benefits of the Human
Genome Project (THGP)