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Обзор астрофизических задач, решаемых средствами IVOA Astrogrid 2: Cycle 3 (Jan 2006 – Jul 2006) Key aim: To have 200 astronomers – users of AG by mid of 2006 5 papers to journals (real science) Cycle 3: goals (I) Provide stable access to 4 common science services Redshift Maker (WFS, WFCAM, SDSS) Colour Cutter (WFS, WFCAM, Vizier) Solar Movie Maker (Trace, CDS, EIT) Astroscope (Chandra, Spitzer,SDSS, HST) Provide examples of simple actions that an astronomer can perform with the system Cycle 3: goals (II) Generate a library of simple annotated workflows selecting data querying common catalogs simple use of complex tools simple scripting examples Focus on three science themes BiSON Deep Field (HST, MERLIN/VLA/EVN/WSRT, ISO, SCUBA, CHANDRA ) Gould Belt (GLIMPSE, UVES, Scuba, HARPB, NVSS, SpecFind, Maser Surveys) THE US NATIONAL VIRTUAL OBSERVATORY «100» Scientific Questions for the NVO A.The problem of heterogenous filters •Locate all B, U, & V photometric measurements of dwarf galaxies within 50 Mpc of the Earth, segregating images from catalog values. •For the measurements returned in 1., find the technical descriptions of the various filters used and join results. Group listing by publication and telescope. B. Incorporating Literature Resources •List all interferometric spectral line observations of SiO since 1990. •List all published observations of SiO in bi-polar outflow sources since 1990. (published=observations have resulted in published paper) •Of the observations found in 4., which have images or spectra publicly available? C. Using Object classifications in image searches •Find all images of molecular clouds within 30 arcminutes of HII regions from a given sample. •Retrieve all images of non-thermal, polarized sources within 500 pc of the Galactic Center. •Of the items found in 7. which are thread-like? •Given a list of galactic, non-thermal sources, located the N (e.g. three) closest (in angular distance) thermal radio continuum sources and the N closest molecular clouds. THE US NATIONAL VIRTUAL OBSERVATORY SDSS Q2: Find all galaxies with blue surface brightness between and 23 and 25 magnitude per square arcseconds, and super galactic latitude (sgb) between (-10º, 10º), and declination less than zero. Q3: Find all galaxies brighter than magnitude 22, where the local extinction is >0.175. Q4: Find galaxies with an isophotal surface brightness (SB) larger than 24 in the red band, with an ellipticity>0.5, and with the major axis of the ellipse between 30” and 60”arc seconds (a large galaxy). Q6: Find galaxies that are blended with a star and output the deblended galaxy magnitudes. Q7: Provide a list of star-like objects that are 1% rare. Q9: Find quasars with a line width >2000 km/s and 2.5<redshift<2.7. Q11: Find all elliptical galaxies with spectra that have an anomalous emission line. Q12: Create a grided count of galaxies with u-g>1 and r<21.5 over -5<declination<5, and 175<right ascension<185, on a grid of 2’ arc minutes. Create a map of masks over the same grid. Q14: Find stars with multiple measurements that have magnitude variations >0.1. Q15: Provide a list of moving objects consistent with an asteroid. Q16: Find all objects similar to the colors of a quasar at 5.5<redshift<6.5. Q17: Find binary stars where at least one of them has the colors of a white dwarf. Q20: For each galaxy in the LRG data set (Luminous Red Galaxy), in 160<right ascension<170, count of galaxies within 30"of it that have a photoZ within 0.05 of that galaxy. VO prototypes Gamma-Ray Burst Follow-Up Service Science Prototype Brown Dwarf Search Science Prototype: Real-Time Cross Matching of Large Catalogs Galaxy Morphology Science Prototype: A Case Study in Grid Computing NVO services NVO Registry (http://nvo.stsci.edu/VORegistry/index.aspx) - Browse NVO-Ready Data Collections to locate source catalogs, image archives, and other astronomical resources registered with the NVO DataScope (http://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/vo/datascope/init.pl) - Discover and Explore Data in the Virtual Observatory from archives and data centers around the world Quick Region Inventory (http://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/applications/QuickStats/) View Catalog Coverage Maps and Source Inventories for the position or object name you are interested in Open SkyQuery (http://openskyquery.net/Sky/skysite/) - Query Databases and Cross-Match Object Lists from some of the largest on-line catalogs in astronomy WESIX (http://nvogre.phyast.pitt.edu:8080/wesix/) - Perform Source Extraction and Object Identification by detecting objects in your own images and matching them with objects in the major survey catalogs VOEventNet (http://voeventnet.caltech.edu/GCN.html) - Explore the Multiwavelength Sky in the Vicinity of Transient Events that have recently been observed Repair Image Coordinates in images with inaccurate or misaligned coordinate systems. NOAO WCS fixer (http://nvo.noao.edu/wcsfixer/)| Pittsburgh WCS fixer (http://nvogre.phyast.pitt.edu/wcs/) Make mosaics from 2MASS, DPOSS, or SDSS images (Montage). TeraGrid The NVO has proposed to initiate the process whereby the computational resources of the NSF TeraGrid project can be combined with the NVO to enable astronomers to explore and analyze these new data sets in order to understand the physical processes that drive the formation and evolution of our universe (1) expose massive data to massive computing through NVO protocols, (2) run representative applications to explore that data, (3) foster new projects in astronomy that use NVO services and TeraGrid resources, (4) encourage new ways to use supercomputing facilities for science. Atlasmaker: A Grid-based Implementation of the Hyperatlas Resolving star formation in galaxies Montage Fitting Quasar Spectra N-Point Correlation Functions of Galaxies The Cosmic Microwave Background Grid NVO Grants Finding and Exploring Merging Pairs of Galaxies in 2MASS Using the NVO An Image Pipeline for Supernovae Detection A Search for Dusty Halos Around Post-Starburst Galaxies Redshift X-Ray Galaxies from SDSS and ROSAT PSPC Pointed Observations: The Catalog and Initial Applications to AGN-Starburst Connections Incorporating Time-Series Datasets into the VO to Use RR Lyrae and Other Tracer Populations for a Large Scale Galactic Structure Study Utilizing Catalog Cross-Matching for Discovery and Study of Quasars Detecting Embedded Intermediate Mass Stars Using the NVO Archiving the Red Sequence Cluster Survey and Quasar Environment at z = 1 using NVO tools. Multiwavelength Exploration of a Complete Sample of Steep Spectrum Sources from the Texas Interferometer Survey: A Database Incorporating VLA 20cm Snapshots Simulatneous Multicolor Detection of Objects Using the Virtual Observatory Photometric Redshifts and Galaxy Cluster Finding with the NVO Mapping the Virtual Universe Enabling Follow-Up Observations of Supernovae: Sky Transient Event Infrastructure Charting the Milky Way Halo with GALEX and SDSS RR Lyrae Candidates Large Area Multiwavelength Characterization of Faint VLA FIRST Radio Sources See in the Spitzer SWIRE Survey NVO Study of Super Star Clusters in Nearby Galaxies Plans A number of components that are under active development and that we expect to be included in subsequent requests for TeraGrid resources. •On-Demand Services •Image Federation •Data Mining Services •Theory-Observation Interface Science Problems (http://wiki.astrogrid.org/bin/view/VO/ScienceProblemList) ActiveGalaxiesUnbiasedStudy AGBstarCandidates ActiveStarProperMotions BrownDwarfSelection [ AG Core ] ClassifyXraySourcePopulation ComplexObjectIdentification DeepFieldSurveys [ AG Core ] DynamicsofAGNandStarburstNuclei GalacticMaserFaradayRotation GalaxyClustering [ AG Core ] GammaRayBursterLocalisation GetGalaxyRedshift HaloWhiteDwarfs HiZQuasars [ AG Core ] LowSurfaceBrightnessGalaxyDiscovery [ AG Core ] OpticalNearIRGalaxyClusterSelection [ AG Core ] PreDiscoveryMiningSN QuasarHostGalaxiesBlackHoleMasses SpectralEnergyDistributions StarFormingRegionStructure SupernovaGalaxyEnvironment [ AG Core ] AstroGrid Science Problems - 'The AstroGrid Ten' BrownDwarfSelection imaging DeepFieldSurveys imaging, radio, multilambda GalaxyClustering imaging, algorithms HiZQuasars imaging, spectral LowSurfaceBrightnessGalaxyDiscovery images, alogorithms MagneticStormOnset STP SolarCoronalWaves solar SolarStellarFlareComparison astro, solar STPSolarEventCoincidence solar, STP SupernovaGalaxyEnvironment imaging, spectral AstroGrid Science Themes create a framework in which user defined science cases can be developed, building upon the science services and data/tool access capabilities present in the system. Multi-Lambda imaging This builds on the Top Ten cases: Deep Field surveys, HiZ Quasars Science service: redshift maker Examplar case: clusters at 0.5 < z < 1.5 from UKIDSS data Stellar Populations This builds on the brown dwarf selection case Science service: colour cutter Examplar case: Gould Belt objects, IMF in clusters Morphologies This builds on the LSB galaxy discovery case Exemplar case: HII, SNR and PN in Ha surveys Extreme Objects This builds on the SN environment case Science service: astroscope Examplar case: GRB alert data integration Sun Earth-Connection This builds on the solar/STP cases Science service: solar movie maker Exemplar case: CME - Magnetosphere connection Plans A major initial driver for the AG project was to support the effective scientific exploitation of major projects emerging in the 2003-2005 time frame, with particular emphasis on the VISTA project. The capabilities now planned for AG-2 aim to meet the demands of other projects identified by PPARC's Science Committee as being of high scientific importance to the UK community. •exploitation of the UK's investment in European Southern Observatory (ESO) (now) •the two Gemini telescopes (now) •XMM-Newton (now) •SWIFT (late 2003) •WFCAM (2004) •VISTA (2006) •e-MERLIN(2007) •Herschel (2007) •Planck (2007) •ALMA (2008-10) •GAIA (2010-12) •JWST (>2010) •Xeus (>2012) Plans Science Drivers from Herschel Galaxy formation and evolution in early universe and the nature of active galaxies Star forming regions and interstellar medium physics in Milky Way and external galaxies Molecular chemistry of cometary, planetary and satellite atmospheres in solar system Science areas like these will require the use of the capabilities of VOs and AG2 in particular to enable access to complementary data sets at all wavelengths from radio to X-ray and beyond. Science priorities such as probing protoplanetary discs and star-forming regions, or investigating Ultra Luminous IR Galaxies and testing cosmological theories against the properties of high-redshift objects, involve regions which are heavily obscured by dust or which are most securely and rapidly identified using the broadest spectral energy distribution Towards the Euor-VO: Delivering the AVO Science Reference Mission. Solar System Research With the incorporation of the UKSSVO project into the AGproject a number of Solar and STP prioriteis will be addressed. These will include: investigating basic plasma processes such as magnetic reconnection on multiple scales: from solar flares, flaring in active galactic nuclei, to magnetospheric reconnection. Plans Facilitating New Ways of Working Topic specific workspaces, giving access to all data and tools relevant to a certain astrophysical problem. Aided work-flows, where the user constructs a personalised data pipeline, using VO components, and in a manner where the system provides sophisticated guidance. Methods whereby the outputs of data manipulations can be automatically fed back into the operations of telescopes, both for real-time and ordinary observational programmes. Advanced ways of visualising and exploring multi-channel data. The VOTech project is divided up into a set of Design Study areas DS1: DesignStudyManagement DS2: TechnicalProjectManagement DS3: InfraStructure DS4: UserTools (http://wiki.eurovotech.org/bin/view/VOTech/AvoSrmAnalysis) DS5: ResourceDiscovery DS6: DataExploration (Data Mining and Visualization) StageOne (Jan 2005 - Sep 2005) StageTwo (Oct 2005 - Mar 2006) StageThree (Apr 2006 - Sep 2006) StageFour (Oct 2006 - Mar 2007) Science Reference Missions S1 Circumstellar disks: from pre-Main Sequence stars to stars harbouring planets S2 Intermediate Velocity Clouds S3 Which star will go Supernova next? S4 Initial Mass Function within 1 kpc: from planetary to stellar masses S5 Initial Mass Function for massive stars S6 The contribution from low and intermediate mass stars to the interstellar medium S7 Galaxy Formation and Evolution from z = 10 to z = 0.1 S8 Build-up of supermassive black holes List of Tools # Tool T1 multi-waveband image tool T2 best fitting T3 SED builder from archival data T4 positional cross matcher T5 access to theoretical data T6 robotic telescope interface T7 generic source extraction Scenarios vs. Tools No. Requirement S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Count T1 multi-waveband data + + + + + + + + 8 T2 model/profile fitter/classificator + - + - + + + + 6 T3 on-the-fly SED builder - - - + - + + + 4 T4 cross-matcher, map comparison - + + + - + + + 6 T5 access to theoretical data (see also T2) - - + - - - - + 2 T6 robotic telescope interface - - - - - + - - 1 T7 generic source extractor - + - + - + + + 5 other Requirements S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8 Count - data coverage: all-sky (vs. scattered src.) + + - - - - - - 2 T1 image convolution + + - - - - - - 2 T2 line ID database - + - + - + - - 3 T1 PSF matching capability - - - - - - + + 2 T3 search by col./col or col/mag. index - - - - + + + + 4 ? time dependent analysis - - + - - + - - 2