Transcript Yesterday`s HW

Warm Up
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
How many generations are in this pedigree? 3
Is the trait shown dominant or recessive? Dominant
In order for person 17 to have the disease, what
must the parent’s genotypes be? Heterozygous
How many affected males are there? 4
How many married couples are there? 5
Yesterday’s HW
Exit (5th)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
How many generations are in this pedigree?
Is the trait in this pedigree dominant or recessive?
What are the genotypes of III 5 and III 6?
How many males are in generation II?
How many females are there total?
Notebook
Table of Contents
March 21st
Notes
March 21st
Genetic Mutations, Cloning
& Environmental Factors
Genetic Mutations, Cloning
& Environmental Factors
How do outside factors impact a person’s development?
Genetic Mutations


A change in DNA during “coding”
Happens in sexual reproduction more than
asexual because in sexual DNA must match
up with pairs
Genetic
Mutations
cause the
person/animal
to look
abnormal
Mutations can cause genetic
disorders

Some can be inherited from parents: TaySachs, Cystic Fibrosis, Sick-Cell or Dwarfism

Others can result from mutations that occur
during a person’s lifetime - cancer
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBynHoCfJM
Cloning

A type of asexual reproduction where an
exact copy is made of the “parent” organism
200 B.C.
Humans “clone” trees by cuttings
1950
Humans clone frogs
1980’s
Humans clone mice!
1997
HUMANS CLONE SHEEP!!!
Dolly—the first cloned
sheep
Ian Wilmut,
the dude that
did it
1998
Humans clone 8 copies of a cow!!!
20??
- Begins with the transfer of a nucleus from a donor adult cell
to an egg that has no nucleus.
- If the egg begins to divide normally it is transferred into the
uterus of the surrogate mother to develop.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YoEWYJHf0
kU
Cloning Summary
1.
2.
3.
Exact copies of the parent
Affected by growing conditions just like
parent
Same number of chromosomes as
organisms made during sexual reproduction
(46)
Human Characteristics
Controlled by
Inheritance > inherited traits & genes
And also external factors
 Environment
 Lifestyle Choice
 Social Interactions
Inheritance
We have absolutely no control over our
inherited traits…
- blood type
- fingerprint pattern
- eye color
- ability to see color
Environment
-
A person’s environment/location impacts
their development and health
-
House with bad air system = asthma
Being in the sun = darker skin
No food = malnourished
-
-
Lifestyle Choices
-
-
-
-
The choices a person makes during their life
can impact their traits
Nutrition & Exercise> poor diet = sick,
overweight,
Drug Abuse / Cigarettes > change body
chemistry and function
Eating Disorder > damage bones, muscle &
heart
Social Interactions

The people you are around can influence the
decisions/choices you make
Ex – your friends eat healthily, so you may be
more inclined too
- You parents sit around all day, you may do
that too
Some traits are controlled by a
combination of genetics &
environmental factors
1.
2.
3.
4.
Diabetes
Height
Weight
Skin Color
Diabetes
The predisposition of diabetes is genetically
controlled
but the development of diabetes is affected by
environmental factors such as diet, lack of
exercise and weight
Height
Controlled by genetics, but
Also influenced by diet and
health issues

Drink milk to grow
big and strong

Weight

Metabolism controls how fast
food is burned and is under
genetic control, but diet and
exercise can affect the rate of
metabolism and lead to
obesity

No exercise, poor diet =
slower metabolism = obese
Skin Color

Controlled genetically but can be influenced
by exposure to sunlight ,which increases the
amount of melanin in skins cells and make a
person darker
Read more about it
Pg. 58 > textbook section B
Pg. 256 > textbook section C
Use textbook to help you answer questions
Exit
1.
Describe two human traits that are controlled by
a combination of genetics and outside factors.
2. Which source of human characteristics would a
person have the least control over?
A. Inheritance
B. Environment
C. Lifestyle Choices
D. Social Interactions
3. Is cloning asexual or sexual reproduction?
1821
1528
1800
1523
1391
1378
1461
1874
282
1836
1701
1659 – 439
1332
711
341
Front of Room
Jarren
Cyrene
Jermaine
Carlos
Jacorian
Alexis
Bryan
Alexander
Jennifer
Randy
Mitzy
Yomira
Jovaughn
Franklin
Larah
Tayvionna
Zionna
Ty’Reyonna
DOOR
Mercedes
Warm Up
1.
What are the 4 traits controlled by both
genetics and environmental factors?
2. What are the final products of meiosis?
3. What is a genetic mutation?
Environmental Factors and Identical
Twins
Identical twins have the exact same DNA
-
But environmental factors can make them develop
differently – environmental factors influence the
development of each twin
If one twin grew up in sub-Saharan Africa with very
poor nutrition and the other grew up in the US, we
would expect them to look differently
Answer the question
Identical twins are separated at birth. At the age of 30,
the twins meet and find themselves to be different
in height. Which best accounts for this difference?
A. The twins did not inherit the same genetic information from
their parents
B. Genetic mutations occurred in one twin, creating distinct
differences in appearance
C. Environmental factors influenced that development of
inherited characteristics in each twin
D. One twin inherited genes from the mother while the second
twin inherited genes from the father
Review & Practice
Pg. 268 > textbook section C
Pg. 273 > textbook section C
*Exam Review Packet
- You must complete 5 of 6 pages this
weekend
- You will have 20min in class Monday before
reviewing to complete the last page