Transcript 6.1 Introduction to Traits PPT traits_intro

Traits – Why you are
the way you are
Biology – Sumner High School
Created by Mr. Woodbury, Modified by Mrs. Slater
Tell me...
• What do you know about genes?
Two “Line-ups”
• Starting at the teacher desk towards
back of room, line up...
• From shortest to tallest
• From (real) lightest color hair to
darkest
Survey Research
• On your piece of scrap paper, write:
• Ear lobes:
• Hair on fingers:
• Widow’s peak:
• Hair texture:
• Chin:
• Dimples:
• Number:
Survey Research
• Take the Trait Wheel and work with
each other to see what traits you
have.
• Record on your own paper:
• each trait (yes/no widow’s peak)
• the number you end up as you
move outward on the wheel.
So what did we find?
• Which traits were more common in our
class(es)?
• Why were these traits more common?
• What about the combinations as found
in the trait wheel numbers?
• Which were most common?
• Which were least common?
Your thoughts
• What causes these traits to appear as
they do?
• Are the traits tied together somehow?
• Why are some more common than
others?
Some terms
• Traits: Characteristics that can be
passed down biologically (not
behaviorally) from parents to offspring.
• Traits have variations
• Some easy to see (yes/no)
• Others within a range (shades of hair
color)
Key Ideas
• Living things get physical traits from the
“parents” or the previous generation.
• We say that that traits are inherited, so
heredity is the passing of traits from
parents to offspring.
Where do traits come
from?
• Traits come from many different
proteins doing their jobs.
• Hormones that send signals
• Membrane proteins
• Enzymes: metabolism, breakdown,
building things
• Structures: muscles, tendons, hair,
skin
Where do proteins
come from?
• Proteins are made by the
RER/ribosomes, finished by the Golgi
and transported in vesicles.
• The instructions for the proteins come
from genes.
• Gene: a segment of DNA that codes for
a specific trait
What are genes made
of?
• Genes come from the DNA in the cell
nucleus.
• A sequence of DNA has the code for
how a certain protein will be made.
• The protein’s structure determines its
function.
Big Picture
DNA
Gene
Protein
Trait
Relate ‘em
• What is the relationship between
proteins, DNA, genes and traits?
Protein Synthesis
Summary
• DNA unzips
• One strand of DNA is read to make a
RNA strand
• 3-letter words on RNA code for an
amino acid
• Amino acids link together to create a
protein
Dominant or
Recessive??
Dominant
Recessive
Ear lobes
Free
Attached
Hair on fingers
Hair
No hair
Widow’s peak
Widow’s peak
Straight hairline
Hair
Curly
Straight
Chin
Cleft
Smooth
Smile dimples
Dimples
No dimples