Transcript Evolution of Genes and Chromosomes

Evolving Resistance:
Research Goals and
Goods
Georgiana May
Brett Couch
Ethy Cannon
University of Minnesota
Education
Training
Evolution
Genes

Map
Information
Genome
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Resistance
Resources
kTim
and
TI FFQ ui
(c
LZW
) e™
decom
pr aessor
ar e
needed t
o see t h is pic t ur
Q uic kTim e™
and a
TI FF
( LZW
essor
ar e
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpr
is pi
c t ur e
e.
Q uic kTim e™
and a
( LZW
ar TI
e FF
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpr
is essor
pic t ur
e.
.
Ever since Grube et al.
Chromosome 11S
I2
R3,7
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
RB
I2- homologous
sequences in Solanaceae
Tomato
Potato
S. dem.
Eggplant
Pepper
Tobacco
Couch et al. MPMI 2006
I2- h NBS sequences
under positive selection
Positive
Selection
NBS
LRR
NBS and LRR regions reassociate through time
Contributions and
resources
• Birth-death model applies to R
gene evolution
• 232 sequences from 6 species
– positive selection
– evolving function?
seek new resistance function in
fewer than 10 lineages
• Brett Couch
– David Schladt
I2 lineages maintained
12 million years
Ancient
duplications
Contributions and
resources
• Long term maintenance of R
gene lineages - 12 my
• 232 sequences from 6 species
– maintained through speciation
– maintain function?
seek non-host R in fewer than 10
lineages
• Brett Couch
I2-h map to
chromosomes 8,9,11
in tomato
8
B
11
9
Q uic kTim e™ and a
TI FF
( LZWt ) o decom
essor
ar e
needed
see t hpris pi
ct ur e .
kTim e™
and
TI FFQ ui
( cLZW)
decom
pr aessor
ar e needed t o see t h is pict ur e.
Q uic kTim e™ and a
( LZW)
ar TI
e FF
needed
t o decom
see t hpris essor
pict ur e.
B
B
B
B
IL Block
B BAC contig
250 tomato BAC
clones hybridized to
I2 probes
Oligo probes
hybridize to
specifc I2
homologs
Map I2-containing BAC clones
to IL segment
PCR length polymorphisms in parent lines
BAC end polymorphisms segregate in
the L. pinnellii mapping population
Contributions and
resources
• Verified Pan, Fluhr results
– chromosomes 8,9,11
– not on 3,4 (Pan)
kTim
and
TI FFQ ui
(c
LZW
) e™
decom
pr aessor
ar e
needed t
o see t h is pic t ur
Q uic kTim e™
and a
TI FF
( LZW
es
ar e
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpr
is pi
c
e.
• New region - 9 I
Q uic kTim e™
and a
( LZW
ar TI
e FF
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpr
is essor
pic t ur
e.
• Ancient chromosomal
duplications carry R gene
duplications
Information
Genes

Genome
• Brett Couch
– Deren Eaton

GENEOLOGY
 Information
GENOME
Q uic kTim e™
and a
TI FF
( LZW
essor
ar e
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpris pi
c t ur e .
R
Baumgarten et al. 2002
Goods
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
solevol
demo site
Ethalinda Cannon
examples
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Resistance
Resources
• 75 distinct I2-h lineages
– over 6 species
– http://solevol.ccgb.umn.edu/
• Genome locations
• Development of
evolutionary models
• Training
kTim
e™
and
TI FFQ ui
(c
LZW
)
decom
pr aessor
ar e
needed t
o see t h is pic t ur
Q uic kTim e™
and a
TI FF
( LZW
essor
ar e
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpr
is pi
c t ur e
e.
Q uic kTim e™
and a
( LZW
ar TI
e FF
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpr
is essor
pic t ur
e.
.
Education
Training
Evolution
Genes

Map
Information
Genome
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Resistance
Resources
kTim
and
TI FFQ ui
(c
LZW
) e™
decom
pr aessor
ar e
needed t
o see t h is pic t ur
Q uic kTim e™
and a
TI FF
( LZW
essor
ar e
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpr
is pi
c t ur e
e.
Q uic kTim e™
and a
( LZW
ar TI
e FF
needed
t ) o decom
see t hpr
is essor
pic t ur
e.
.