Transcript Heredity - Judson Independent School District

193 Heredity Notes and Activity
3/10/16
EQ: Why do we look/behave/act the
way that we do?
Starter:
Who do you look most like in
your family? What
characteristics do you have
in common? Why do you
think they are similar?
exit:
What is the difference
between genotype and
phenotype?
Heredity Notes and Activity
Practice:
3/10/16
Paste Notes
here when
done
Application/Connection:
Spongebob Ws
194
195 Heredity Notes and Activity
3/10/16
Activity 1:
Heredity Notes and Activity
196
3/10/16
Activity 2:
March 10, 2016
AGENDA
7.14 Organisms and
environments. The student
knows that reproduction is a
characteristic of living
organisms and that the
instructions for traits are
governed in the genetic
material. The student is
expected to:
7.14 A Define heredity
as the passage of genetic
instructions from one
generation to the next
generation.
1. Starter
2. Notes
3. Activity
4. Exit
Table of Contents
Date
Lecture/ Activity/ Lab
3/7
Quiz and Vocabulary
3/8
Introduction to genetics
3/9
Chromosome Activity
3/10
Heredity Notes and Activity
Page
187-188
189-190
191-192
193-196
Who do you look most like
in your family? What
characteristics do you have
in common? Why do you
think they are similar?
Answer and Discuss with
your table partner!
HEREDITY
AND
PROBABILITY
Heredity

the passing
on of
traits from
an
organism
to its
offspring
Mother + Father
=
offspring
Genotype and Phenotype
An organisms genotype
refers to its genetic
makeup; ex. RR, Rr, rr
 An organisms refers to
phenotype what it
physically looks like; ex.
Blue eyes, brown hair, tall,
right handed

Gene Pairs: Heterozygous and
homozygous



RR both dominant gene;
Homozygous (alike genes)
Rr one dominant and one
recessive gene;
heterozygous (different
genes)
rr both recessive genes;
Homozygous (alike genes)
Genetic Laws
The Law of
Independent
Assortment says that
each gene pair is
inherited
independently of the
gene pairs for all the
other traits.
 The law of Dominance
states that one factor
of the gene pair is
always predominate
over the other factor.

Law of Segregation
Ee = parent genotype
Ee: makes 2 kinds of sex
cells.



ee = parent genotype
ee: makes one kind of sex
cell.
EE = parent genotype
EE: makes one kind of sex
cell
Law of Segregation-When the parents of an
organism forms sex cells, the parent’s gene pairs
segregate or separate.
This means that one allele from each gene pair goes
to each sex cell.
When the sex cells from the male and female unite
during fertilization, the individual receives a gene
from each parent.
Probability
The possibility, or
likelihood, that a
particular event will take
place.
 It can be used to predict
the results of genetic
crosses.
 It is also written as a
fraction or as a
percentage.

Punnett Squares


a special chart used to
show the possible gene
combinations in a cross
between two organisms.
developed by Reginald C.
Punnett, an English
geneticist.
Punnett Squares



cont.
This is how a Punnett Square works:
Say we cross two parents are heterozygous black:
B-black
b-white
B
b
B
BB
Bb
Black
Black
b
Bb
bb
1:4 BB-black
Black
white
2:4 Bb-black
1:4 bb-white
Punnett Practice
A
a
A
o Aa
oAA
oaa
oAa
oaA
oaa
a
oAa
oaA
oaa
oAa
oaA
oaa
Punnett Practice
A
a
A
a
AA
Aa
Aa
aa
Draw these in your journal



This is how a Punnett Square works:
Say we cross two parents are heterozygous
striped cats:
S-striped tabby
S
s-no stripes
s
S
SS
tabby
tabby
s
Ss
ss
1:4 SS-tabby
tabby
Ss
No stripes
2:4 Ss-tabby
1:4 ss-no stripes
Draw these in your journal



This is how a Punnett Square works:
Say we cross a homozygous female bobtail cat with
a long tail cat:
L-bobtail
l-long tail
L
L
l
Ll
l
Ll
0:4 LL-bob
bobtail
bobtail
4:4 Ll-bob
Ll
bobtail
Ll
bobtail
0:4 ll-long
Draw these in your journal



This is how a Punnett Square works:
Say we cross a heterozygous female bobtail cat
with a long tail cat:
L-bobtail
1-long tail
L
l
l
Ll
l
Ll
0:4 LL-bob
bobtail
bobtail
2:4 Ll-bob
ll
Long tail
ll
Long tail
2:4 ll-long
193 Heredity Notes and Activity
3/10/16
EQ: Why do we look/behave/act the
way that we do?
Starter:
Who do you look most like in
your family? What
characteristics do you have
in common? Why do you
think they are similar?
exit:
What is the difference
between genotype and
phenotype?
Heredity Notes and Activity
Practice:
3/10/16
Paste Notes
here when
done
Application/Connection:
Spongebob Ws
194