Transcript ch_02_quiz_show

Chapter 2 – The Chemical Level of Organization
Atoms and
Molecules
What’s Your
Reaction
Give Me
Some CHO
I Need
Protein
Casserole
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FINAL ROUND
Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$100 Question
The chemical shorthand used to describe
chemical compounds and reactions
effectively is known as ______.
a. molecular formula
b. chemical notation
c. molecular weight
d. mass number
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ANSWER
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$100 Answer
The chemical shorthand used to describe
chemical compounds and reactions
effectively is known as _______.
a. molecular formula
b. chemical notation
c. molecular weight
d. mass number
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$200 Question
How is it possible for two samples of hydrogen
to contain the same number of atoms, yet one
sample weighs more than the other?
a. One sample has more bonds.
b. One sample contains fewer electrons,
decreasing weight.
c. One sample contains more of hydrogen’s
heavier isotope(s).
d. One sample includes more
ANSWER
protons, increasing weight.
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$200 Answer
How is it possible for two samples of hydrogen
to contain the same number of atoms, yet one
sample weighs more than the other?
a. One sample has more bonds.
b. One sample contains fewer electrons,
decreasing weight.
c. One sample contains more of hydrogen’s
heavier isotope(s).
d. One sample includes more
protons, increasing weight.
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$300 Question
Which kind of bond holds atoms in a water
molecule together? What attracts water
molecules to one another?
a. polar covalent bonds; hydrogen
bonds
b. ionic bonds; charge interactions
c. hydrogen bonds; charge
interactions
d. covalent bonds; hydrogen
ANSWER
bonds
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$300 Answer
Which kind of bond holds atoms in a water
molecule together? What attracts water
molecules to one another?
a. polar covalent bonds; hydrogen
bonds
b. ionic bonds; charge interactions
c. hydrogen bonds; charge
interactions
d. covalent bonds; hydrogen
bonds
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$400 Question
Both oxygen and neon are gases at room
temperature. Oxygen combines readily with
other elements, but neon does not. Why?
a. Neon has 8 electrons in its valence shell;
oxygen has only 6.
b. Neon cannot undergo bonding due to its
polarity.
c. Neon is exergonic.
d. Neon’s molecular weight is too
ANSWER
low to allow bonding.
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$400 Answer
Both oxygen and neon are gases at room
temperature. Oxygen combines readily with
other elements, but neon does not. Why?
a. Neon has 8 electrons in its valence shell;
oxygen has only 6.
b. Neon cannot undergo bonding due to its
polarity.
c. Neon is exergonic.
d. Neon’s molecular weight is too
low to allow bonding.
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$500 Question
What is a mole and why is it useful to describe elements
in terms of moles?
a. 6.02 × 1023 / easier to keep track of relative
numbers of atoms in chemical samples
b. a quantity with a weight in grams equal to that
element’s atomic weight / because one mole of
a given element always contains the same
number of atoms as one mole of any other
element
c. the total number of neutrons and protons in the
nucleus / nuclei sometimes emit subatomic
particles or radiation in measurable
amounts
ANSWER
d. both A and B
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Topic 1: Atoms and Molecules
$500 Answer
What is a mole and why is it useful to describe elements
in terms of moles?
a. 6.02 × 1023 / easier to keep track of relative
numbers of atoms in chemical samples
b. a quantity with a weight in grams equal to that
element’s atomic weight / because one mole of
a given element always contains the same
number of atoms as one mole of any other
element
c. the total number of neutrons and protons in the
nucleus / nuclei sometimes emit subatomic
particles or radiation in measurable
amounts
d. both A and B
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$100 Question
Why are enzymes needed in our cells?
a. to promote chemical reactions
b. for chemical reactions to proceed
under conditions compatible with life
c. to lower activation energy
requirements
d. all of the above
ANSWER
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$100 Answer
Why are enzymes needed in our cells?
a. to promote chemical reactions
b. for chemical reactions to proceed
under conditions compatible with life
c. to lower activation energy
requirements
d. all of the above
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$200 Question
How does an antacid help decrease
stomach discomfort?
a. It reduces the buffering capacity of the
stomach.
b. It decreases the pH of stomach contents.
c. It reacts a weak acid with a stronger one.
d. It neutralizes acid using a weak base.
ANSWER
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$200 Answer
How does an antacid help decrease
stomach discomfort?
a. It reduces the buffering capacity of the
stomach.
b. It decreases the pH of stomach contents.
c. It reacts a weak acid with a stronger one.
d. It neutralizes acid using a weak base.
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$300 Question
In cells, glucose (a six-carbon molecule) is
converted into two three-carbon molecules
by a reaction that releases energy. How
would you classify this reaction?
a. endergonic
b. exergonic
c. decomposition
d. both B and C
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ANSWER
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$300 Answer
In cells, glucose (a six-carbon molecule) is
converted into two three-carbon molecules
by a reaction that releases energy. How
would you classify this reaction?
a. endergonic
b. exergonic
c. decomposition
d. both B and C
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$400 Question
Which property of water accounts for the cooling
effect of perspiration?
a. solubility; solutes easily break up in water
b. reactivity; hydrolysis causes salt crystals
to form on the skin
c. high heat capacity; water carries away
heat when it changes from a liquid to a
gas
d. lubrication; there is little friction
ANSWER
between molecules
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$400 Answer
Which property of water accounts for the cooling
effect of perspiration?
a. solubility; solutes easily break up in water
b. reactivity; hydrolysis causes salt crystals
to form on the skin
c. high heat capacity; water carries away
heat when it changes from a liquid to a
gas
d. lubrication; there is little friction
between molecules
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$500 Question
Which of these notations describes dehydration
synthesis and why?
a. A-B-C-H + HO-DE  A-B-C-D-E + H2O;
formation of a complex molecule by removal of
a water molecule
b. A-B-C-D-E + H2O  A-B-C-H + HO-D-E; a
chemical bond was broken through the addition
of a water molecule
c. AB  A + B; a molecule is broken into smaller
fragments
d. AB + CD  AD + CB; molecules are
ANSWER
shuffled around to produce a new
product
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Topic 2: What’s Your Reaction?
$500 Answer
Which of these notations describes dehydration
synthesis and why?
a. A-B-C-H + HO-DE  A-B-C-D-E + H2O;
formation of a complex molecule by removal of
a water molecule
b. A-B-C-D-E + H2O  A-B-C-H + HO-D-E; a
chemical bond was broken through the addition
of a water molecule
c. AB  A + B; a molecule is broken into smaller
fragments
d. AB + CD  AD + CB; molecules are
shuffled around to produce a new
product
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$100 Question
Which lipids would you find in human cell
membranes?
a. cholesterol
b. glycolipids
c. phospholipids
d. all of the above
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ANSWER
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$100 Answer
Which lipids would you find in human cell
membranes?
a. cholesterol
b. glycolipids
c. phospholipids
d. all of the above
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$200 Question
When two monosaccharides undergo a
dehydration synthesis reaction, which type
of molecule is formed?
a. polypeptide
b. disaccharide
c. eicosanoid
d. polysaccharide
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ANSWER
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$200 Answer
When two monosaccharides undergo a
dehydration synthesis reaction, which type
of molecule is formed?
a. polypeptide
b. disaccharide
c. eicosanoid
d. polysaccharide
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$300 Question
A food contains organic molecules with the
elements C, H, and O in a ratio of 1:2:1. What
class of compounds do these molecules belong
to, and what are their major functions in the
body?
a. lipids; energy source
b. proteins; support and movement
c. nucleic acids; determining inherited
characteristics
ANSWER
d. carbohydrates; energy source
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$300 Answer
A food contains organic molecules with the
elements C, H, and O in a ratio of 1:2:1. What
class of compounds do these molecules belong
to, and what are their major functions in the
body?
a. lipids; energy source
b. proteins; support and movement
c. nucleic acids; determining inherited
characteristics
d. carbohydrates; energy source
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$400 Question
Why is cholesterol important in the human body?
a. It transforms into prostaglandins, which
are released by damaged tissues
causing pain.
b. Cells need it to maintain their
membranes and for growth and division.
c. It is an essential component of
eicosanoids.
d. It is the only site of storage for
ANSWER
lipid-soluble vitamins.
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$400 Answer
Why is cholesterol important in the human body?
a. It transforms into prostaglandins, which
are released by damaged tissues
causing pain.
b. Cells need it to maintain their
membranes and for growth and division.
c. It is an essential component of
eicosanoids.
d. It is the only site of storage for
lipid-soluble vitamins.
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$500 Question
What are structural and functional similarities of
phospholipids and glycolipids?
a. Their hydrocarbon tails are hydrophobic.
b. They help form and maintain intracellular
structures.
c. They are primarily composed of
phosphate and glycogen, respectively.
d. A and B are correct.
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ANSWER
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Topic 3: Give Me Some CHO
$500 Answer
What are structural and functional similarities of
phospholipids and glycolipids?
a. Their hydrocarbon tails are hydrophobic.
b. They help form and maintain intracellular
structures.
c. They are primarily composed of
phosphate and glycogen, respectively.
d. A and B are correct.
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$100 Question
Proteins are chains of which small organic
molecules?
a. saccharides
b. fatty acids
c. amino acids
d. nucleic acids
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ANSWER
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$100 Answer
Proteins are chains of which small organic
molecules?
a. saccharides
b. fatty acids
c. amino acids
d. nucleic acids
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$200 Question
How might a change in an enzyme’s active site
affect its functions?
a. increased activity due to a better fit with
the substrate
b. decreased activity due to a poor substrate
fit
c. inhibited activity due to no substrate fit
d. all of the above
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ANSWER
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$200 Answer
How might a change in an enzyme’s active site
affect its functions?
a. increased activity due to a better fit with
the substrate
b. decreased activity due to a poor substrate
fit
c. inhibited activity due to no substrate fit
d. all of the above
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$300 Question
Which level of protein structure would be
affected by an agent that breaks hydrogen
bonds?
a. the primary level of protein structure
b. the secondary level of protein structure
c. the tertiary level of protein structure
d. The protein structure would NOT be
ANSWER
affected by this agent.
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$300 Answer
Which level of protein structure would be
affected by an agent that breaks hydrogen
bonds?
a. the primary level of protein structure
b. the secondary level of protein structure
c. the tertiary level of protein structure
d. The protein structure would NOT be
affected by this agent.
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$400 Question
How does boiling a protein affect its structural
and functional properties?
a. Heat denatures the protein, causing
unfolding.
b. Heat causes the formation of additional
quaternary structure.
c. Heating rearranges the primary structure
of the protein.
d. Heat alters the radical groups
ANSWER
on the amino acids.
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$400 Answer
How does boiling a protein affect its structural
and functional properties?
a. Heat denatures the protein, causing
unfolding.
b. Heat causes the formation of additional
quaternary structure.
c. Heating rearranges the primary structure
of the protein.
d. Heat alters the radical groups
on the amino acids.
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$500 Question
Why is it significant that keratin and collagen are
fibrous proteins and myoglobin and hemoglobin
are globular proteins?
a. Fibrous proteins are tough and insoluble
in water; they play structural roles.
b. Fibrous proteins are only functional when
they are in solution.
c. Globular proteins readily enter aqueous
solutions and function only when they
are in solution.
ANSWER
d. A and C are correct.
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Topic 4: I Need Protein
$500 Answer
Why is it significant that keratin and collagen are
fibrous proteins and myoglobin and hemoglobin
are globular proteins?
a. Fibrous proteins are tough and insoluble
in water; they play structural roles.
b. Fibrous proteins are only functional when
they are in solution.
c. Globular proteins readily enter aqueous
solutions and function only when they
are in solution.
d. A and C are correct.
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Topic 5: Casserole
$100 Question
A large organic molecule composed of the
sugar ribose, nitrogenous bases, and
phosphate groups is which kind of nucleic
acid?
a. DNA
b. ATP
c. protein
d. RNA
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ANSWER
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Topic 5: Casserole
$100 Answer
A large organic molecule composed of the
sugar ribose, nitrogenous bases, and
phosphate groups is which kind of nucleic
acid?
a. DNA
b. ATP
c. protein
d. RNA
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Topic 5: Casserole
$200 Question
What molecule is produced by the
phosphorylation of ADP?
a. ATPase
b. ATP
c. adenosine diphosphate
d. uridine triphosphate
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ANSWER
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Topic 5: Casserole
$200 Answer
What molecule is produced by the
phosphorylation of ADP?
a. ATPase
b. ATP
c. adenosine diphosphate
d. uridine triphosphate
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Topic 5: Casserole
$300 Question
Why does a solution of table salt conduct
electricity, but a sugar solution does not?
a. Electrical conductivity requires ions.
b. Sugar forms a colloid; salt forms a
suspension.
c. Electricity is absorbed by glucose
molecules.
d. Table salt is hydrophobic; sugar
ANSWER
is hydrophilic.
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Topic 5: Casserole
$300 Answer
Why does a solution of table salt conduct
electricity, but a sugar solution does not?
a. Electrical conductivity requires ions.
b. Sugar forms a colloid; salt forms a
suspension.
c. Electricity is absorbed by glucose
molecules.
d. Table salt is hydrophobic; sugar
is hydrophilic.
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Topic 5: Casserole
$400 Question
What statement below is FALSE with regard to
the function of DNA?
a. It encodes information needed to build
proteins.
b. It controls all physical characteristic of
our bodies.
c. It assembles a specific amino acid within
a protein’s structure.
d. It regulates all aspects of
ANSWER
cellular metabolism.
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Topic 5: Casserole
$400 Answer
What statement below is FALSE with regard to
the function of DNA?
a. It encodes information needed to build
proteins.
b. It controls all physical characteristics of
our bodies.
c. It assembles a specific amino acid within
a protein’s structure.
d. It regulates all aspects of
cellular metabolism.
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Topic 5: Casserole
$500 Question
Wine has a pH of 3. This means that compared to
tomatoes that have a pH of 4:
a. wine is closer to a neutral pH versus that of
tomatoes.
b. the concentration of hydrogen ions is 10
times as great in the wine as in a tomato,
and both are acidic.
c. the concentration of hydroxide ions is 10
times as great in the tomato as in the wine,
and both are basic.
d. the concentration of hydrogen ions is 100
times as great in the wine as the tomato,
and both are acidic.
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ANSWER
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Topic 5: Casserole
$500 Answer
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FINAL ROUND Question
Which nitrogenous base is NOT found
within the structure of DNA?
a. thymine
b. uracil
c. cytosine
d. guanine
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ANSWER
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FINAL ROUND Answer
Which nitrogenous base is NOT found
within the structure of DNA?
a. thymine
b. uracil
c. cytosine
d. guanine
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