Transcript How the Body uses Nutrients

How the Body uses Nutrients
The body has to absorb them in
order to take them where they will
be used or store for later use
Inside the small intestine
Absorption of Nutrients
• Most takes place in the small intestine
• There are a series of folds called villi that increase
the surface area so more food can be absorbed
• After absorption, some waste mineral. Including
fibre, is left in the small intestine.
• This waste is moved into the large intestine
(colon)
• The colon removes water, potassium and sodium
• The remainder is stored as a semisolid in the
rectum (discharged as stool)
Processing and Storing of Nutrients
• Once the villi absorb the nutrients, they are
carried to the liver through the portal vein.
• The liver turns the nutrient into a form that
the body can use.
• Those nutrients not needed are stored in the
liver for later use. E.G.
– Glucose is converted by the liver into glycogen if
there too much glucose it will stored into fat
Protein Absorption
• Protein is made up of amino acids.
• Carried in the bloodstream
• When the body needs to repair or build cells
the AA are called into action
Minerals Absorption
• Iron is stored in the bone marrow
• Calcium is stored in the bones and teeth
Vitamin Absorption
• Fat soluable vitamins (A,D,E,K) are stored
mainly in the liver
• Some may also be stored in body fat for later
use
• Vitamins play an important role in the making
of enzymes
Water Soluable vitamin Storage
• Are not stored by the body
• Move to the kidneys for disposal
Using Nutrients
• The bloodstream carries the nutrients
throughout the body to individual cells
Eg Glucose is combined with water to give you
energy. This refers to Oxidation
Basal Metabolism
• To maintain basic life (breathing, digesting
food and creating new cells, sleeping or
resting)
• 2/3 of our calories are consumed for this
purpose
• The amount of calories is determined by age,
body size and body composition (ratio of
muscle to fat tissue)
Physical Activity
• Physical activity is another reason your body
needs energy.
• The more active, the more energy
Your body is an amazing organism. It carries on
thousands of complex processes every moment
of your life
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