Transcript What are calories?

NUTRITION
LIST THE 6 CLASSES OF
NUTRIENTS
•Carbohydrates
•Fats
•Protein
•Vitamins
•Minerals
•Water
HOW DOES EATING A BALANCED DIET
TODAY EFFECT HOW YOU FEEL IN THE
FUTURE?
All of these diseases
can be affected
by your diet.
WHICH 3 NUTRIENTS GIVE US
ENERGY?
Carbohydrates
Fats
Protein
How do we know they give us
energy? THEY have CALORIES!
WHAT ARE CALORIES?
Calories are how we
measure
how much energy a food
has.
How many do each of the following
nutrients have per gram?
•Carbohydrates = 4 calories per gram
•Protein = 4 calories per gram
•Fats = 9 calories per gram
WHAT ARE “EMPTY” CALORIES?
A measurement
of the energy
present in highenergy foods
with poor
nutritional value.
WHAT ARE THE 2 TYPES OF
CARBOHYDRATES
Complex Carbohydrates
= Starches
Ex: Bread, pasta, rice
Simple Carbohydrates
= Sugars
Ex: chocolate, candy
IF CARBOHYDRATES ARE NOT USED FOR
ENERGY, WHAT HAPPENS TO THEM?
Carbohydrates are the first calories
burned for energy. If they are not used
they
are stored in your body as fat.
WHY IS FIBER SO IMPORTANT IN
KEEPING US HEALTHY?
•Fiber keeps your intestines healthy
•Prevents constipation
•May help prevent colon cancer and heart
disease
•Increases the amount
of fluid in your
digestive system.
FATS ARE ALSO DIVIDED INTO 2 GROUPS,
NAME THEM AND AN EXAMPLE OF EACH.
Saturated Fats:
fats that are solid at
room temperature.
ex: lard (crisco), butter
Unsaturated Fats:
fats that are liquid at room
temperature.
ex: cooking oils
WHAT IS CHOLESTEROL?
•Fatty like substance made by the body
.Cholesterol combines with molecules to
circulate in the blood.
What does it do
in
our bodies?
It is needed to make Vit. D,
cell membranes & certain
hormones.
HDL is the
GOOD
cholesterol.
LDL is the
BAD
cholesterol
What can happen if
we have too much
cholesterol in our
body?
Higher Risk of High
Blood Pressure, Heart
attack, Stroke, and
Heart Disease.
HOW IS PROTEIN USED IN OUR BODY?
PROTEINS:
•It helps the body build new cells
and repair existing ones. It helps
with muscle development.
•It is burned for
energy after the
Carbohydrates
are gone.
WHAT IS PROTEIN MADE UP
OF?
AMINO ACIDS
•There are 20 different types
of
amino acids but only
9 essential ones.
WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
COMPLETE PROTEINS & INCOMPLETE
PROTEINS?
Incomplete proteins do not contain
all the essential amino acids
WHAT ARE THE 2 CLASSES OF
VITAMINS? WHAT IS THE
DIFFERENCE?
#1 FAT SOLUBLE
Dissolve in fat and can be stored
in the body.
WATER
SOLUBLE
#2
Dissolve in water and are
not stored in the body.
The body uses what it
needs then gets rid of the
rest.
WHAT IS NUTRIENT
DEFICIENCY?
Without enough nutrients certain
body functions may not function
properly
and could weaken certain organs.
•
WHAT DO MINERALS DO FOR OUR
BODY?
•Minerals help build and repair
tissues.
•Needed for enzyme activity
•Needed for bone
formation.
WHAT PERCENT OF YOUR
BODY IS WATER?
Water is needed for every
body function, without the
proper amount of water
certain body functions may
not perform as they should.
HOW MUCH WATER SHOULD
YOU HAVE A DAY?
WHAT IS DEHYDRATION AND
HOW CAN IT BE DANGEROUS?
•Dehydration occurs when the body does
not have enough water.
•Dehydration can interfere with both mental
and physical performance.
•Early symptoms might be fatigue, loss of
appetite, dry eyes.
•Dehydration could lead
to death.
It’s important to drink
more water than you lose!
WHAT MAKES A FOOD “JUNK FOOD”?
IS ALL “JUNK FOOD” BAD FOR US?
Junk food is only a
problem
if it makes up a
large
part of your diet.
Eating smaller amounts of food
(with nutritional value) throughout
the day vs 3 large meals a day
can actually be better for
your metabolism.
HOW DO OUR DIETARY NEEDS
CHANGE AS WE GET OLDER?
More Nutrients Needed
during childhood and teens
because growing
The more active you
are the more calories you
need.
WHY DO PREGNANT WOMEN NEED MORE
ENERGY AND PROTEIN THAN NONPREGNANT WOMEN?
To help meet energy needs,
expectant mothers need about 450
additional calories.
WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE
VEGETARIAN?
Limits their diets to few or
no animal products, usually
no meat except seafood.
Vegan?
A vegetarian who does
not eat any animal
products.
What is a big dietary
concern
for vegetarians & vegans?