Transcript the renaissance - World History Mr. Tommy Brumbelow

THE RENAISSANCE
ITAILIAN RENAISSANCE
The Renaissance
• PEOPLE WANTED TO SHOW THEY WERE WEALTHY
– PEOPLE PURCHASED ART, LITERATURE
• THIS NEW AREA OF ART AND LITERATURE BECAME KNOWN AS THE
RENAISSANCE
• THE RENAISSANCE: FRENCH FOR THE REBIRTH
WHAT STARTED THE RENAISSANCE?
• THE BLACK DEATH
– 25 MILLION PEOPLE DIED
– NO ONE COULD EXPLAIN WHY THE PLAGUE HAPPENED
– COMMON MAN BECAME SKILLED MAN
WHAT STARTED THE RENAISSANCE
• 100 YEAR WAR
– BEGAN IN 1337, ENDED IN 1453
– KING EDWARD III OF ENGLAND REFUSED TO PAY HOMAGE
TO KING PHILLIP IV OF FRANCE. FRANCE THEN PURSUED
TO CONQUER AQUITAINE
WHAT STARTED THE RENAISSANCE
• CHANGE IN THE ECONOMY
– LARGE SUPPLIES OF FOOD
• FOOD PRICES DROPPED
– PEOPLE SPEND EXTRA MONEY ON OTHER THINGS
THE RISE OF CITY-STATES
• CITY-STATES WERE LARGE CITIES THAT DOMINATED REGIONS
OF ITALY
• CITY-STATES CAME TO POWER BECAUSE OF THE NEED FOR
TRADE
– THE ABUNDANCE OF SUPPLIES GAVE WAY TO TRADING
VENICE
• REPUBLIC
• ESTABLISHED BASED ON TRADE
• SHIP BUILDING PROSPERED
• KNOWN AS A WORK OF ART
MILAN
• AGRICULTURE, SILK, AND WEAPON MANUFACTURING
Florence
• CLOTH PRODUCTION
• BANKING
– MONARCHS, CATHOLIC CHURCH, ARTIST, ARTITECHTURES,
FUNDED BY THE BANKS
Powerful family
• MEDICI FAMILY
– OPERATED THE BANK IN FLORENCE
– FUNDED THE POPE
– FUNDED ARTIST, AND ARTITECHTS
– INFLUENCE OVER 4 DIFFERENT POPES
• FAMILY LAST FOR 3 CENTURIES
IMPORTANCE OF CITY-STATES
• CITY-STATES HAD A TON OF MONEY!!!!!!!!
• ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH HAD POWER
• MONARCHS WOULD COME TO CITY-STATES TO RECEIVE
LOANS
REBIRTH OF WHAT?
• THE DARK AGES (PERIOD BEFORE THE
RENAISSANCE)
• GREAT CITIES EXISTED LIKE ROME AND
GREECE
• WITH TRADE ALSO BROUGHT GREEK
SCHOLARS WITH TEXT AND SCRIPTURES
• $$$$$=KNOWLEDGE FROM SCHOLARS
NEW PHILOSOPHY
• HUMANISM: INTELLECTUAL MOVEMENT DURING THE RENAISSANCE
FOCUS ON THE STUDY OF WORLDY SUBJECTS, POETRY, PHILOSOPHY, AND
HUMAN POTENTIAL
– FOCUS MORE ON HUMAN ACHIEVEMENT AND LESS ON RELIGION
• CHURCH SAYS HUMAN ACHIEVEMENT NOT IMPORTANT
Humanism roots
• FRANCESCO PETRARCH WROTE LITERATURE IN
VERNACULAR LANGUAGE
• VERNACULAR: EVERYDAY COMMON
LANGUAGE OF PEOPLE
• STOP
One idea to another
• SECULAR: HAVING TO DO WITH WORLDLY
MATTER, AS OPPOSED TO RELIGIOUS
MATTERS
BALDASSARE
CASTIGLIONE
• SECULAR WRITER
• WROTE THE COURTIER
– DEFINED HOW TO BE
THE PERDECT
RENAISSANCE MAN
OR WOMAN
• MERCHANTS USED THIS
AS GUIDE TO SEEM
MORE “UPPER CLASS”
• COMMON MAN
SHOULD KNOW POETRY
AND HISTORY
NICCOLI MACHIAVELLI
• AUTHOR OF THE
PRINCE
• ARGUED THAT MEN
WERE UNGREATFUL
AND DECIEVERS
• URGED RULERS TO
SEPARATE MORALS
AND POLITICS
• “THE END JUSTIFIES
THE MEANS”
SCIENCE
• THE CHURCH BELIEVED THE EARTH WAS THE
CENTER OF THE UNIVERSE
– ITALIAN ASTRONOMOMER GALILEO
GALILEIARGUES SUN WAS CENTER OF UNIVERSE
AND WAS THROWN IN JAIL
• POLISH ASTRONOMER NICHOLAS
COPERNICUS WAS CREATED WITH
DISCOVERING THE EARTH PLANETS AND STARS
ORBITED THE SUN
THE ARTISTIC WORLD
• MIDEVIL ART USED SYMBOLIC
REPRESENTATION OF RELIGION.
• RENNAISSANCE ART WAS MORE NATURAL
Renaissance Art
• PAINTER, SCULPTOR, WRITIER, INVENTOR
• CREATED PLANS TO INVENT
–ARMORED TANKS
–FLYING MACHINES
• SKETCHED THE HUMAN BODY
• Leonardo da Vinci
LEONARDO DA VINCI WORK- THE LAST
SUPPER
THE MONA LISA
Michelangelo
MICHELANGELO- PIETA
WANTED TO CAPUTRE THE GRIEF, PAIN, LOVE, AND ACCEPTANCE
Renaissance Art
• Raphael
School of Athens
1509
Bramante
ST. PETER’S BASILICA