Transcript File - World History

AP ART REVIEW
From Renaissance to Abstract
1400 – 1960
1400-1500s ITALIAN RENAISSANCE:
The Beginning of Modern Painting
• Early 1400s Florence, Italy
• Rebirth of culture spread to Rome, Venice
then 1500 to the rest of Europe( known as the
Northern Renaissance): the Netherlands,
Germany, France, Spain and England.
• Realism, perspective, backgrounds, emotions
• Still religious but beginning of secular scenes
• Portraits, landscapes
Leonardo da Vinci’s Mona Lisa
Michelangelo's Sistine Chapel
Creation with God and man at the center
Raphael’s “School of Athens”
Secularism and classical knowledge
Free standing statues
Donatello’s David
Michelangelo's David
1550s Northern Renaissance:
Looked to nature; painted in exacting detail
• Trademark of northern artist was incredible
ability to portray nature realistically, down to
the most minute detail.
• Oil as medium invented by Flemish painter,
Jan Van Eyck
• Still religious but also landscapes, peasants
and portraits
Arnolfini Wedding by Van Eyck
Pieter Brugel the Elder
Census to Bethlehem
The Blind Leading the Blind
German Artists
Hans Holbein, The French
Ambassadors
Albrecht Durer’s woodcuts and
engravings
1580s Mannerism
• Influenced by religious turmoil of Protestant
versus Catholic
• Painted subjectively
• Distorted figures
• Harsh colors
• Displays strong religious feelings
El Greco-
1590-1880: Baroque
• The art of Absolute Monarchs, Constitutional
Monarchies and the Dutch Renaissance
• Catholic Reformation
• Religious, grand, elaborate, formal and
emotional
Velazquez: Spanish court artist
“Las Meninas” (The Maids of Honor)
Caravaggio’s “The Supper at Emmaus”
Palace at Versailles
Rococo Art 1660-1715
Period of Louis XIV
• Playful, superficial, alive with energy
• Interiors; gilded woodwork, painted panels,
enormous wall mirrors
• Smaller scale than baroque
• Cherubs, angels, curves, shells, twisted
columns, gardens
• Unfashionable after death of Louis XIV 1715
Painting by Watteau; carefree rich
1780-1820 Neo-classism
“Roman Fever”
• Return to simplicity, balance,
• Subjects- patriotism, duty, sacrifice
(Think French Revolution)
• Created by Jacques-Louis David
Jean-Louis David
Death of Marat
Napoleon the Conqueror
1800-1850 - Romanticism
Power of Passion
• Inspired by Medieval and Baroque eras,
Middle and Far East
• Subjects: legends, exotica, nature, violence
Goya’s Third of May
Gericault, “Raft of the Medusa” 1818
Delacroix, “Death of Sardanapalus”1872
J.M.W. Turner, “Slave Ship”
1850-1900 Realism
• “New” realism (Renaissance began realism)
• Precise imitation of visual reality without
alteration
• Subjects; modern world experienced by the
artist (no gods, goddesses, heroes of antiquity
OUT)
• Peasants and urban working class IN
Francois Millet, “The Gleaners”
1850
Gustave Courbet, “The Stonebreakers”
1849
Ford Madox Brown
“The Last of England”1855
Architecture for the Industrial Age
Paxton,” Crystal Palace” 1850
Impressionism 1860- 1886
“Let there be color and light”
• Born in France
• Rejects perspective and realism
(Camera invented 1840s)
• Representations of visual sensations through
color and light
Similar But Not the Same:
Manet : Contemporary scenes but with hard edge, dark patches of color
Monet: Landscapes, waterfront scenes, water lilies,; sunny hues, light reflections
Manet, “Bar at the FoliesBergere”
Monet,”Water Lilies ”
How to tell them apart
Degas : Pastel portraits of human figures in stop action poses; ballerinas, horse races,
cafes, nudes bathing
Renoir : Rich reds, primary colors; voluptuous, peach-skinned female nudes, café
society, children, flowers
Degas, “Prima Ballerina”
Renoir, “Le Moulin de la Galette”
Post Impressionism 1880-1905
• French phenomenon
• Wanted art more substantial than “impression”
• 1st group – Seurat and Cézanne; focus on near
scientific design
• 2nd group – Gauguin, van Gogh, and Lautrec;
emotion, and sensations through light and color
Focus on near-scientific design
Georges Seurat, “Bathers”
Quasi-scientific style is pointillism
Paul Czanne, “Large Bathers”
Van Gogh’s “Starry Night”
Color and emotion
Paul Gauguin, Post-impressionist
1891 moved to French Polynesia and did a series of
native paintings
Expressionism 1860-1940
• Norwegian artist, Eduard Munch was
inspiration Expressionist movement
• Painting that reflects extreme emotions, like
jealously, loneliness, joy
• Express emotion through distorting forms and
color
Expressionism
Munch, “The Scream”
Henri Matisse, “The Joy of Life”
Cubism 1908-1914
• “Art consists of inventing not copying”
• Looks like objects broken down into little
pieces and glued back together
Piscasso, “Les Demoiselles D’Avignon”
Piscasso, “Guernica”
German bombing of Spanish town 1936
Let’s look at the
Sunbathers again.
Can you identify the
styles and artists?
Dada and Surrealism: Art Between
the Wars 1919-1930s
• Surrealism
• Influenced by Freudian psychology to portray
fantasies and dreams of the unconscious
Salvador Dali’s
“Persistence of Memory”
Dadaism: Protest
madness of war
Abstract Expressionism 1940-1950s
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Shift to American art after World War II
Action painting
Give free reign to impulse
Impassioned act of painting as expression
Jackson Pollack
“A man paints with his brains not his hands”
Arshile Gorky
“Water of the Flowery Mill”