Transcript Food Resources

Food Resources: A Challenge
for Agriculture
World Food Problems Today
Chapter 10
Food For Thought Activity
Wealth Gap
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1 person in 5 lives in luxury
Next 3 get by
1 struggles to survive on less than $1.00/day
1 of every 3 people lack enough fuel to keep warm
and cook food
1 person in 6 is hungry or malnourished, severely
undernourished and lacks clean drinking water, decent
housing, and adequate health care.
Human Nutritional
Requirements
Carbohydrates - cellular respiration –
ATP
 Proteins – amino acids,
 Lipids – hormones, energy
 Minerals – iron, calcium
 Vitamins – regulate metabolism
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Today, we are producing more
food per person
By 2050, we will have to feed 9 billion
people
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Food production exceeds population growth
We produce food through technology
 Fossil fuels, irrigation, fertilizer, pesticides,
cultivating more land, genetic engineering
Today, soils are in decline and most arable land is
already farmed
Undernutrition and food security
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1 billion people do not have enough to eat
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Undernutrition = people receive fewer calories than
their minimum requirements
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Most undernourished live in developing nations
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Due to economics, politics, conflict, and inefficiencies
in distribution
But 36 million Americans are “food insecure”
Food security = guarantee of an adequate, safe,
nutritious, and reliable food supply
Maintaining Grain Stockpiles
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World grain carryover stocks – amounts of rice,
wheat, corn, and other grains remaining from previous
harvest
Measure of world food security
Stockpiles of grains have decreased each year since
1987
Two reasons why world grain stocks have dropped
1. weather conditions -- heat and drought
2. consumption of beef, pork, poultry, and eggs has
increased in China and other developing countries.
Food security
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Undernutrition decreased between 1970 and 1990
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Higher food prices (2006–2008) and the economic
slump (2008–2009) increased the number and percent
of hungry
15% of the world’s population is hungry
Overnutrition and malnutrition
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Overnutrition = receiving too many calories each
day
 Developed countries have abundant, cheap
junk food, and people lead sedentary lives
 In the U.S., 25% of adults are obese
 Worldwide, over 400 million people are obese
 Malnutrition = a shortage of nutrients the body
needs
 The diet lacks adequate vitamins and minerals
 Can lead to diseases
Malnutrition can lead to diseases
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Kwashiorkor = diet lacks protein
or essential amino acids
 Occurs when children stop
breast-feeding
 Bloated stomach, mental and
physical disabilities
Marasmus = protein deficiency
and insufficient calories
 Wasting or shriveling of the
body
Poverty and Food
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Poverty is main cause of malnutrition and undernutriton
More common in rural areas
 Infants, children, elderly are most susceptible to poverty
and chronic hunger
 Economic issues associated with poverty:
1. $ to produce, store, transport and distribute food
2. Developing countries have difficulty paying for the food
3. Food-producing nations cannot afford to give food way
indefinitely.
4. Government inefficiency and bureaucratic red tape can
make it difficult to distribute food and ensure the people
get the food.
Somalia
Feedback Loops…..
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Poverty ---- Malnutrition ---- Decreased Resistance to
Disease ---- High Death Rate For Children.
Malnutrition – Decreased Energy --- Decreased Ability
to Learn --- Decreased Ability to Work --- Shortened
Life Expectancy
Decreased Ability to Work ---Poverty
Poverty and Food
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Cultural acceptance of different foods (would
you want to eat dog meat or grubs????)