Transcript 10A. In-Depth: Phytochemicals

Chapter 10: Nutrients Involved in Antioxidant Function
and Vision
The Basics
Vitamin E
Vitamin C
Vitamin A
Cancer
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FINAL ROUND
The Basics:
$100 Question
Compounds that protect cells from the damage
caused by oxidation are called ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
antioxidants
reactive oxygen species
free radicals
reactants
ANSWER
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The Basics:
$100 Answer
Compounds that protect cells from the damage
caused by oxidation are called ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
antioxidants
reactive oxygen species
free radicals
reactants
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The Basics:
$200 Question
When an oxygen molecule becomes a free
radical, it is called a(n) ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
oxidant
reactant
tocopherol
reactive oxygen species
ANSWER
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The Basics:
$200 Answer
When an oxygen molecule becomes a free
radical, it is called a(n) ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
oxidant
reactant
tocopherol
reactive oxygen species
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The Basics:
$300 Question
Loss of electrons is called ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
metabolism
oxidation
reduction
anabolism
ANSWER
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The Basics:
$300 Answer
Loss of electrons is called ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
metabolism
oxidation
reduction
anabolism
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The Basics:
$400 Question
A free radical is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
an active form of vitamin E
a protein that combines with retinol
an unstable atom with an unpaired electron
a new mass of undifferentiated cells
ANSWER
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The Basics:
$400 Answer
A free radical is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
an active form of vitamin E
a protein that combines with retinol
an unstable atom with an unpaired electron
a new mass of undifferentiated cells
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The Basics:
$500 Question
An antioxidant enzyme, ________ converts free
radicals to less damaging substances.
a.
b.
c.
d.
beta-carotene
glutathione peroxidae
superoxide dismutase
catalase
ANSWER
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The Basics:
$500 Answer
An antioxidant enzyme, ________ converts free
radicals to less damaging substances.
a.
b.
c.
d.
beta-carotene
glutathione peroxidae
superoxide dismutase
catalase
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Vitamin E:
$100 Question
________ is the most active form of vitamin E in
our bodies.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alpha tocopherol
Tocotrienol
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Glutathione
ANSWER
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Vitamin E:
$100 Answer
________ is the most active form of vitamin E in
our bodies.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alpha tocopherol
Tocotrienol
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
Glutathione
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Vitamin E:
$200 Question
Once vitamin E is oxidized, it is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
converted into vitamin C
destroyed or recycled
transformed into polyunsaturated fatty acids
stored as a dormant vitamin
ANSWER
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Vitamin E:
$200 Answer
Once vitamin E is oxidized, it is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
converted into vitamin C
destroyed or recycled
transformed into polyunsaturated fatty acids
stored as a dormant vitamin
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Vitamin E:
$300 Question
A peptide composed of three amino acids that
assists in regenerating vitamin C to its antioxidant
form is called ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
glutamic acid
glycine
cysteine
glutathione
ANSWER
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Vitamin E:
$300 Answer
A peptide composed of three amino acids that
assists in regenerating vitamin C to its antioxidant
form is called ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
glutamic acid
glycine
cysteine
glutathione
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Vitamin E:
$400 Question
Medications that interact negatively with vitamin E
are ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
anticoagulants
diuretics
cold tablets
flavonoids
ANSWER
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Vitamin E:
$400 Answer
Medications that interact negatively with vitamin E
are ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
anticoagulants
diuretics
cold tablets
flavonoids
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Vitamin E:
$500 Question
True vitamin E deficiencies are ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
very common in most Americans
free of symptoms
uncommon in humans
caused by free radicals
ANSWER
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Vitamin E:
$500 Answer
True vitamin E deficiencies are ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
very common in most Americans
free of symptoms
uncommon in humans
caused by free radicals
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Vitamin C:
$100 Question
Vitamin C assists in the formation of ________, a
protein found in all connective tissue.
a.
b.
c.
d.
carnitine
collagen
carotenoid
coumadin
ANSWER
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Vitamin C:
$100 Answer
Vitamin C assists in the formation of ________, a
protein found in all connective tissue.
a.
b.
c.
d.
carnitine
collagen
carotenoid
coumadin
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Vitamin C:
$200 Question
Vitamin C enhances the absorption of ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
beta-carotene
vitamin E
iron
selenium
ANSWER
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Vitamin C:
$200 Answer
Vitamin C enhances the absorption of ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
beta-carotene
vitamin E
iron
selenium
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Vitamin C:
$300 Question
Factors such as heat, iron, copper, and oxygen
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
activate vitamin C
stabilize vitamin C in foods
have no effect on vitamin C function
can destroy vitamin C in foods
ANSWER
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Vitamin C:
$300 Answer
Factors such as heat, iron, copper, and oxygen
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
activate vitamin C
stabilize vitamin C in foods
have no effect on vitamin C function
can destroy vitamin C in foods
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Vitamin C:
$400 Question
Which of the following foods contain the highest
level of vitamin C per gram?
a.
b.
c.
d.
carrots
strawberries
steak
milk
ANSWER
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Vitamin C:
$400 Answer
Which of the following foods contain the highest
level of vitamin C per gram?
a.
b.
c.
d.
carrots
strawberries
steak
milk
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Vitamin C:
$500 Question
Taking excess vitamin C can be harmful to
people with ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
cirrhosis
hemorrhagic stroke
hemochromatosis
scurvy
ANSWER
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Vitamin C:
$500 Answer
Taking excess vitamin C can be harmful to
people with ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
cirrhosis
hemorrhagic stroke
hemochromatosis
scurvy
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Vitamin A:
$100 Question
Beta-carotene ________.
a. can be converted to active vitamin A in the
body
b. is the active form of vitamin A
c. is available from sunshine
d. does not have antioxidant power
ANSWER
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Vitamin A:
$100 Answer
Beta-carotene ________.
a. can be converted to active vitamin A in the
body
b. is the active form of vitamin A
c. is available from sunshine
d. does not have antioxidant power
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Vitamin A:
$200 Question
A severe deficiency of vitamin A will result in
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
enhanced immune system
improved skin tone
reduced risk for cancer
visual impairment
ANSWER
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Vitamin A:
$200 Answer
A severe deficiency of vitamin A will result in
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
enhanced immune system
improved skin tone
reduced risk for cancer
visual impairment
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Vitamin A:
$300 Question
Consuming large amounts of beta-carotene
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
causes toxic symptoms
increases risk for heart disease
causes the skin to turn yellow or orange
interferes with the immune function
ANSWER
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Vitamin A:
$300 Answer
Consuming large amounts of beta-carotene
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
causes toxic symptoms
increases risk for heart disease
causes the skin to turn yellow or orange
interferes with the immune function
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BACK TO GAME
Vitamin A:
$400 Question
An active form of vitamin A is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
rhodopsin
retinol
retina
carotenoid
ANSWER
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Vitamin A:
$400 Answer
An active form of vitamin A is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
rhodopsin
retinol
retina
carotenoid
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Vitamin A:
$500 Question
Which of the following common foods provides
the highest nutrient density for vitamin A?
a.
b.
c.
d.
skim milk
carrots
orange juice
fish
ANSWER
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Vitamin A:
$500 Answer
Which of the following common foods provides
the highest nutrient density for vitamin A?
a.
b.
c.
d.
skim milk
carrots
orange juice
fish
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BACK TO GAME
Cancer:
$100 Question
Any mass of undifferentiated cells is called
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a tumor
a scar
acne
hyperkeratosis
ANSWER
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Cancer:
$100 Answer
Any mass of undifferentiated cells is called
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
a tumor
a scar
acne
hyperkeratosis
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Cancer:
$200 Question
Genetically altered cells are stimulated to divide
during the ________ phase.
a.
b.
c.
d.
initiation
promotion
progression
malignant
ANSWER
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Cancer:
$200 Answer
Genetically altered cells are stimulated to divide
during the ________ phase.
a.
b.
c.
d.
initiation
promotion
progression
malignant
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Cancer:
$300 Question
Substances capable of causing cancer are called
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
antioxidants
mutants
mutagens
carcinogens
ANSWER
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Cancer:
$300 Answer
Substances capable of causing cancer are called
________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
antioxidants
mutants
mutagens
carcinogens
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Cancer:
$400 Question
A lifestyle factor that increases an individual's
cancer risk is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
physical activity
weight control
tobacco use
sunscreen use
ANSWER
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BACK TO GAME
Cancer:
$400 Answer
A lifestyle factor that increases an individual's
cancer risk is ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
physical activity
weight control
tobacco use
sunscreen use
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Cancer:
$500 Question
Natural chemicals in plants that may reduce the
risk for cancer and heart disease are ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
phytochemicals
anti-inflammation agents
C-reactive proteins
anticoagulants
ANSWER
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Cancer:
$500 Answer
Natural chemicals in plants that may reduce the
risk for cancer and heart disease are ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
phytochemicals
anti-inflammation agents
C-reactive proteins
anticoagulants
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FINAL ROUND Question
A vitamin E deficiency causes ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
erythrocyte hemolysis
xerophthalmia
Keshan disease
scurvy
ANSWER
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FINAL ROUND Answer
A vitamin E deficiency causes ________.
a.
b.
c.
d.
erythrocyte hemolysis
xerophthalmia
Keshan disease
scurvy
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BACK TO GAME