Transcript Life: Biological Principles and the Science of Zoology

Life: Biological Principles and
the Science of Zoology
Chapter 1
Zoology
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Zoology is the study of animals.
Zoology can be broken down further into
smaller branches:
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Entomology – study of insects
Ornithology – study of birds
Herpetology – study of slimy things (reptiles and
amphibians
Mammology – study of mammals
Ichthyology – study of fish
Characteristics of Living
Things
1.
Chemical Uniqueness –We recognize
4 major macromolecules:
-Nucleic Acids
-Lipids
-Carbohydrates
-Proteins
Characteristics Continued
2. Complexity and hierarchical organization:
-Atoms
-Macromolecules
-Cells
-Tissues
-Organs
-Organ Systems
-Organisms
-Populations
-Species
Characteristics Continued
3. Reproduction
-Living things reproduce at all levels, from
DNA replication to organisms reproducing
themselves.
-Organisms can reproduce sexually or
asexually.
-Genetics has an important role in
reproduction, especially in sexual
reproduction.
Characteristics Continued
4. Possession of a Genetic Code
-Chromosomes allow for the transfer of
traits from parents to offspring.
-The genetic code, which is comprised
of nucleic acids in DNA, codes for
amino acids sequences that make
proteins.
Characteristics Continued
5. Metabolism: Obtaining nutrients from the
environment.
-It includes:
-digestion
-respiration
-the synthesis of molecules and
structures
-The study of metabolic functions is known
as physiology.
Characteristics Continued
6. Development
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All organisms go through a characteristic
life cycle which usually start from
fertilization and goes until death.
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Humans – fertilized egg – baby – toddler –
child – adolescent – young adult – adult –
senior – worm food.
Butterfly (metamorphosis) egg – larva – pupa
– and adult stages.
Characteristics (Last One)
7. Environmental Interactions
-All organisms must interact with their
environment.
-The study of this interaction is called
Ecology.
Zoology as Part of Biology
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Animals are eukaryotes.
They cannot do photosynthesis.
They lack cell walls, hyphae – tubular
structures found in fungi.