Transcript Energy Systems - Amazon Web Services

Energy Systems
Energy
Energy = “The ability to perform work”
3 Types of Energy:
• Chemical Energy (Food) is converted to…
• Kinetic Energy (Movement) or is stored as fat
i.e….
• Potential Energy (Stored).
Work
Work = Force x Distance
Usually
equal to
bodyweight
If you run 1500m or 800m, which one are you doing more
work in?
Answer – 1500m because the
distance is greater
If 2 people run 1500m and one does it faster than the
other, which is exerting more POWER?
Answer – the faster one
Power = Work performed per unit of
time (watts)
Power Experiment
Follow the instructions on the sheet to find
out each individuals Power Output.
What do our findings show?
Think about the results in terms of:

weights of performers in relation to times achieved,

methods of climbing stairs (use of rails, one or more steps at a
time),

does fastest mean most powerful? Why/why not?
Energy
The way energy is released in the
body is complicated so for the
purposes of A Level P.E. we
learn an overview – but it is still
quite complicated!!!
Energy
There is only one useable form of energy in
the body –
ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)
• ATP provides energy in all living cells in the body, including muscle
tissue
• All sources of energy, found in food we eat, have to be converted
into ATP before the potential energy in them can be released.
ATP
ATP – a high-energy phosphate made up of
one molecule of adenosine and three
molecules of phosphate
ATP
Adenosine
Phosphate
Tri (Three)
A
P
P
P
The bonds that
hold the
compound
together = a lot
of potential
energy
ATP
When compounds are broken down (i.e. the
bond between molecules are broken)
energy is released.
A
P P P
A
P P
Energy
P
A reaction that releases energy – EXOTHERMIC REACTION
ATP
What causes compounds to breakdown?
Answer – Enzymes
The enzyme responsible for breaking down ATP
= ATPase
A
P P P
A
P P
Energy
P
ATP
ATPase causes ATP to be broken down into
ADP + P (i.e.Adenosine Diphosphate and
a free Phosphate) releasing stored energy.
ATP
ADP + P + energy
As energy cannot be created or destroyed, what does the
released energy become?
Answer – converted to
Heat and Kinetic
Energy
ATP
There is a limited supply of ATP in the body
and once it runs out we need to
resynthesise it to keep supplying energy.
When a compound is built up (synthesised)
energy is needed to restore the bonds
between the molecules
A reaction that needs energy – ENDOTHERMIC REACTION
ATP Resynthesis
ATP resynthesis from ADP + P is an
endothermic reaction
A
P P
Energy
P
ADP + P + energy
A
P P P
ATP
ATP Resynthesis
Resynthesis of ATP is achieved in 3 ways in the human
body:
The Phosphocreatine System (ATP-PC)
(or alactic system)
The Lactic Acid System
(or glycolysis)
The Aerobic System
Energy Systems
Each system supplies energy for particular
demands and duration, allowing us to
cope with a variety of situations.
The ATP-PC and Lactic Acid systems are
ANAEROBIC
The Aerobic system is AEROBIC
(hence its name!!)
TASK
Divide the sporting pictures into:
- Those needing quick energy over a short time (Anaerobic).
- Those needing slow energy over a long time (Aerobic).
You MUST be able to justify why you have placed a sport where it is!
Answers
Aerobic
Anaerobic
TASK
Re-sort the pictures into a hierarchy.
Place the pictures you think need the most energy
over a long time at the top of their list
Place the pictures needing the most energy over a
short time at the top of the other list.
You MUST be able to justify why you have
placed a sport where it is!
Answers
Aerobic
Anaerobic