Transcript Nutrition
Nutrition Ms. Hansen Health 1 Nutrition • Definition- the process by which materials from food are: – – – – – Ingested Digested Absorbed Transported to the cells Used by the cells to maintain life process – Excreted as waste products Nutrition Cont. • Nutrient- a substance required by cells to meet the body’s need. (good stuff in food) • Most nutrients are essential. • Your body cannot manufacture it fast enough or make it in the right amount. • Our bodies need 50+ nutrients and we get them from the food we eat. Classes of Nutrients 1. Carbohydrates (CHO) – sugar (simple) & starches (complex) 2. Protein – amino acids 3. Lipids – fats & oils 4. Vitamins 5. Minerals – elements from the earth 6. Water Nutrients cont. • Macro-Nutrients: Large amounts by energy value – Carbohydrates – Protein – Lipids • Micro-Nutrients: Small amounts by energy value – Vitamins – Minerals – Water Calories & Energy • Calorie – a unit of heat energy • It is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of water/1° C • Carbohydrates (Cho) = 4Kcal/g • Protein (Pro) = 4Kcal/g • Lipids (fat) = 9Kcal/g • Alcohol = 7Kcal/g • Energy – is the capacity to do the work • Energy is measured in a Bomb Calorimeter Food Guide Pyramid Guidelines 1. It is not for infants. (Children, teens and people under 25 need 3 servings from the milk group.) 2. No 1 food is essential to nutrition. 3. No 1 food group has all the essentials. 4. Variety is the key in all food groups. Metabolism – rate at which your body uses up food. The Food Pyramid Grains • • Pasta, bread, cereal, oatmeal, rice… Recommendations – Females: 6 oz. – Males: 7 oz. – 1 slice bread=1 oz. • Whole vs. Refined – Whole: the whole germ is used; germ, bran and endosperm – Refined: parts of grain removed; sugar added Vegetables • Cooked, raw or fresh! • Broccoli, cauliflower, lettuce, spinach, onions, mushrooms, carrots, pumpkins… • Recommendations: – Females: 2 ½ cups – Males: 3 cups Fruits • Fresh, cooked or dried! • Apples, bananas, berries, oranges, raisins… • Recommendations – Females: 1 ½ cups – Males: 2 cups Oils • Oils, solids or found in foods • Oils – Olive, corn, sunflower, canola • Solids – Butter, shortening • Food – Fish, nuts, olives, avocados • Recommendations – Allowances – 5 to 6 teaspoons Milk • Milk, yogurt or cheese • Recommendations – 3 cups – 1 slice= 1 cup Meat and Beans • Meat, poultry, fish, eggs, nuts and seeds • Recommendations – Females: 5 oz. – Males: 6 oz. – http://www.mypyramid.gov/pyramid/meat_counts. html • What food group (s) would you put this food in? • How many servings would it be? • Is it healthy? • What food group (s) would you put this food in? • How many servings would it be? • Is it healthy? • What food group (s) would you put this food in? • How many servings would it be? • Is it healthy? • What food group (s) would you put this food in? • How many servings would it be? • Is it healthy? • What food group (s) would you put this food in? • How many servings would it be? • Is it healthy?