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Cellular Respiration Mrs. Jackie Respiration Define as a process in which energy is released from food to form ATP with the combination of oxygen Purpose of energy ATP Active transport Cell division and growth Muscle cells- contraction Nerve cells- send impulses Maintaining heat Types of respiration Aerobic respiration Release energy from food by combining it with oxygen Anaerobic respiration Release energy from food without using oxygen Glucosealcohol + carbon dioxide +ATP Some cells in your body: muscle cells undergo anaerobic respiration Glucose lactic acid + glycerol. Classwork In your notebook make a table comparing aerobic and anaerobic respiration in terms of raw matter used and products. Aerobic respiration Food molecules are combined with oxygen= oxidation All food molecules contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Oxidation converts carbon to carbon dioxide and the hydrogen to water. 2830 kj is the amount of energy you would get by completely oxidizing 180 grams of glucose to carbon dioxide and water. Steps in aerobic respiration Molecule of glucose is attack by an enzyme that breaks the glucose molecule into two 3 carbon molecules This breakdown sets free energy Each 3 carbon molecule is broken down to carbon dioxide More energy is released and CO2 is produced The glucose has been completely oxidized to carbon dioxide (and water) and all the energy is released. Mitochondria This is where aerobic respiration takes place. IT generates ATP Anaerobic respiration Means in the absence of oxygen Common example Yeast in sugar solution to produced alcohol The sugar is not completely oxidized to carbon dioxide and water but converted to carbon dioxide and alcohol. This process is called FERMENTATION Fermentation General equation C6H12O62C2H5OH +2CO2 +118kj Brewing and break making depend on anaerobic respiration Anaerobic respiration in muscles Pyruvic acid is produced General equation enzymes enzymes and oxygen Glucosepyruvic acidCO2 + H2O aerobic stage anaerobic state During exercise pyruvic acid build up in a muscle faster than it can be oxidized and then is turn into lactic acid and removed in the bloodstream. After exercise stop oxygen is still needed, the build up of lactic acid is called an oxygen debt. Metabolism All chemical changes taking place inside a cell or a living organisms Basal metabolism- minimal energy needed simply to keep and organism alive without movement or growth. Maintain breathing, heart beat, digestion and excretion Catabolism- processes which break substances down anabolism.- processes which build up substances Anabolic steroids Use by athlete to reduce the rate of protein breakdown and enhance the buildup of another One world and Health and Social Education: Assignment Steroid are chemicals which effects are complicated and not fully understood. This homework is to be done computer Typed double space and letter12. If handwritten be sure to write clearly. Look for information on the side effects of steroids How the use of steroids contravenes athletics codes? Are there any positive uses for steroid? Which are those? How the use of steroids may influence a person social, physical and mental wellbeing? HW If in one word you had to say what respiration was about, which word would your choose from this list: breathing, energy, oxygen, cells, food? IN which part of living organism respiration takes place? What are the main differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration? What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in the amount of energy released from one molecule of glucose? Victims of drowning who have stopped breathing are sometimes revived by a process called artificial respiration. Why would a biologist object to the use of this expreession?