Transcript The Renaissance and Protestant Reformation

 “In essence the Renaissance was the green end of one
of civilization’s hardest winters”
 John Fowles
 EQ:
 What is the Renaissance?
 Where did it start?
 What are some characteristics of the Renaissance
 Trivia Sheet
 Renaissance Timeline Handout
 Michelangelo movie
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 Renaissance literally means
rebirth and refers to the
rebirth of art and learning
in Europe from 1300 to
1600.
 During this time there was
an explosion of creativity
and knowledge
unsurpassed by any period
in the history of the world.
 The Renaissance began in
Italy around 1300 and later
spread north.
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Overseas Trade (B/C of its
location to the
Mediterranean Italy was a
hub of economic activity)
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Large city states in
Northern Italy
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Large Urban population
Three important city states in
Italy were
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Milan
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Florence
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Venice
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 The Renaissance was secular and put emphasis on the
individual rather than the institution
 Secular = worldly, apart from the church. Catholic
countries were becoming more secular.
 The popular belief before the renaissance was that a
person pleased God by suffering.
 During the renaissance people started to realize that a
person could enjoy many pleasures without sinning (or
offending God)
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 Humanism – was a key intellectual movement of the
Renaissance, that was based on the study of classic
literary works of Greece and Rome.
 Humanists studied Grammar, rhetoric, poetry, moral
philosophy and history
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 “Shoot at me a thousand times and I may survive; one
scratch from me and you will find your prospects take
a dive” What am I?
 EQ:
 What are some Famous Ren. artists?
 What are some Characteristics of Ren. art & Literature?
 Analyze Mona Lisa & Last Supper
 Gutenberg / Luther handout
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 Mesaccio’s Frescoes revolutionized art and started
a explosion of Renaissance masterpieces
 Fresco – a painting done on fresh, wet plaster with
water based paint
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 Renaissance Artists sought
to give a more accurate
portrayal of nature,
detailed human body and
anatomy, and be more
realistic.
 Michelangelo's Statue of
David and Da Vinci’s Mona
Lisa are examples of the
study and attention to the
Human body.
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Some of the most famous artists lived during the
Italian Renaissance
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Donatello – Sculptor and Painter
Leonardo Da Vinci – Painter, sculptor Mona Lisa,
The last Supper
Raphael – Painter – The School of Athens, The Virgin
Wedding
Michelangelo Buonarroti - Statue of David, Sistine
Chapel
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Johann Gutenberg was a
German who reinvented
the printing press
around 1440
The Printing Press
helped spread the
renaissance by enabling
a printer to produce
hundreds of copies at a
time, making books less
expensive.
Now the Renaissance
ideas were put out at a
faster pace
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 Many Renaissance writers started to write in Vernacular –
writing in the language actually spoken in that particular
region, such as English French or German, rather than
formal Latin.
 Dante (The Divine Comedy) and Geoffrey Chaucer (The
Canterbury Tales) both wrote in Vernacular.
 Other important authors of the Period – Machiavelli – The
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Prince.
 “Genius in 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration”
 Thomas Edison
 EQ:
 Why did Luther think the Church needed reforming?
 What effect did Protestant Reformation have on
Christianity? Europe? The World?
 Europe Map
 My Faith Timeline
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 The Protestant
Reformation was a movt.
for religious reform within
the Catholic Church led by
Martin Luther
 The Church then attacked
Luther causing many to
break away from the
Catholic Church
 Therefore new protestant
denominations were
formed.
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•
Luther was concerned about the
widespread corruption within the
church, particular the sale of
indulgences.
• Indulgences - A Pardon from
doing penance. Church Officials
(Tetzel) began selling these to
make money to build a cathedral.
Essentially people were buying the
right to sin.
• At a church in Wittenberg
(Germany) Martin Luther posted
the Ninety – five thesis.
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Luther wrote 95 formal statements attacking the
corruption and secularism of the clergy of the
Catholic Church.
Luther’s three main ideas were
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People could receive salvation only by God’s gift of
forgiveness (faith alone, not works)
All church teachings should be based on the Bible
All people with faith are equal (do not need priests to
interpret the Bible)
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 In 1521, The Church
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Excommunicated Luther.
By the Edict of Worms,
Luther was declared an
outlaw within the Holy
Roman Empire.
His works were to be burned
and he was to be captured
and delivered to the Emperor.
Luther was never caught
because people protected
him.
Martin Luther then worked
on Translating the Bible into
German and started the
Lutheran Church
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 John Calvin was a French man who continued the
protestant movement.
 He taught the doctrine of predestination and
published a book called Institutes of the Christian
Religion. The religion based on Calvin’s teachings
was called Calvinism.
 Predestination - Calvin said that Men and
women are sinful by nature. God chooses only a
very few people to save, these are known as the
elect. God has known from the beginning of time
who will be saved
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 Why are goals important??
 List 7 personal or professional goals of yours.
 EQ:
 Why did England separate from the Catholic Church?
 Cause/ Effect Organizer
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 King Henry VIII did not have a male child (heir to his throne) by his
wife Catherine, so he wanted to divorce her. He wanted to marry a
younger woman who would have him a son.
 He asked the pope to annul his marriage with Catherine, but the
Catholic Church did not allow divorces. King Henry breaks away from
the Catholic Church and forms the Church of England.
 “Bloody Mary” – Mary, Henry VIII’S daughter, was a catholic and
wanted to return England to its Catholic roots. She gained the21
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 After the Protestant Reformation, in the mid 1500’s the
church decided that it needed to reform its doctrines.
 The Council of Trent –Catholic Cardinals, Bishops,
and priests met in response to Protestant changes.
 Faith and goods works were necessary to salvation
 The selling of indulgences were prohibited
 The seven sacraments and clerical celibacy were upheld.
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 “ Some people who were born on third base go through
life thinking that they have hit a triple”
 Barry Switzer
 CH 5 Test
 Intro Ch. 6
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