Transcript Look for alternative feed ingredients Consider other co

Nutritional Strategies to
Reduce Feed Costs
Rommel C. Sulabo and Hans H. Stein
Univ. of Illinois
http://nutrition.ansci.illinois.edu
Importance of F/G
•
•
For each 0.10 lb improvement in F/G,
profit increases by $3.0 per marketed pig
A 10% improvement in F/G corresponds to
an improvement of 0.30 lb ($9.0/pig)
H. H. Stein
Tip 1:
Start with what you can control
•
Reduce feed wastage
Check all feeders, delivery
systems, feed bins
Adjust feeders routinely
Improve pellet quality
Poor feeder adjustment
Effect of pelleting
Item
Diet form:
Meal
Pellet
Diff.
Daily gain, lb
1.83
1.98
8.2%
Daily feed intake, lb
6.64
6.84
3.1%
FCR
3.65
3.45
5.8%
Wondra et al., 1992
Target: < 20% fines at the feeder
H. H. Stein
Tip 2:
Check the particle size of your feed
Effect of Particle Size
Particle Size
Microns
Digestibility
DM
CP
Energy
F/G
< 700
86.1
700-1000 84.9
> 1000
83.7
82.9
80.5
79.1
85.8
84.4
82.6
1.74
1.84
1.92
KSU, 1985
Target: 600-800 microns
Tip 3:
Maximize the use of DDGS
in your diets
DDGS Value, GF diets
Corn ($/Bu):
SBM ($/ton):
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
250
162
(152)
182
(180)
203
(207)
223
(234)
239
(260)
300
182
(161)
204
(189)
224
(216)
245
(244)
260
(270)
350
205
(171)
225
(199)
245
(226)
266
(253)
281
(279)
400
217
(178)
240
(206)
263
(234)
283
(261)
303
(289)
Diet costs with 0 to 50% DDGS
$/Ton
270
 $7 to 9 per ton for every 10%
of DDGS included in the diet
260
250
240
% DDGS
230
220
210
200
0
10
20
30
40
50
Inclusion Rates of DDGS
Item
Gestation
Lactation
Nursery, 1+2
Nursery, 3+4
Grow-Finish
Late Finish
Recommend
50
30
0
30
30
20
Maximum
50
40
20
30
45
30
Tip 4:
Reduce or eliminate
inorganic phosphorus
Effect of Phytase
STTD, %
*
80
70
*P < 0.05
*
60
50
No Phytase
500 Phytase
40
30
20
10
0
Corn
SBM
DDGS
Almeida and Stein, 2010
H. H. Stein
Phytase diets
Diet
1
2
3
4
Phytase
0
500
0
500
Corn
61.76
62.075
47.89
48.145
SBM
32.00
32.00
26.00
26.00
-
-
20.00
20.00
1.15
0.35
0.65
-
Others
To 100%
To 100%
To 100%
To 100%
Total P
0.59
0.44
0.58
0.48
STTD P
0.32
0.32
0.32
0.32
DDGS
DCP
Almeida and Stein, 2010
15
Effects on Performance
Diet
1
2
3
4
P<
P<
DDGS phytase
Phytase
0
500
0
500
-
-
Initial BW, kg
11.1
11.2
11.1
11.2
0.23
0.13
ADG, g
507
483
511
515
0.07
0.30
ADFI, g
772
789
811
806
0.06
0.66
G:F
661
614
634
640
0.95
0.05
Final BW, kg
21.8
21.3
21.9
22.0
0.08
0.33
P retention
2.05
2.07
2.35
2.33
0.03
0.99
P excretion
1.68
0.82
1.43
0.82
0.01
0.01
Almeida and Stein, 2010
16
Tip 5:
Look for alternative feed ingredients
•
Consider other small grains
107% or lower
Wheat
Sorghum 96% or lower
85% or lower
Barley
80% or lower
Oats
Tip 5:
Look for alternative feed ingredients
•
Consider other co-products
Wheat middlings
Hominy feed
Bakery by-products
Tip 5:
Look for alternative feed ingredients
•
Fish meal replacements
Fermented soybean meal
Enzyme-treated SBM
Intestinal peptide products
Crystalline amino acids
Tip 7:
Review your feed additives
•
Calculate economic return
(New Diet $ - Old Diet $) x 100 = % improvement
Old Diet $
in F/G needed
to pay for itself
• Consider other benefits
•
– gain
– carcass quality
– death loss
Checklist
Start with what you can control
Check the particle size of your feed
Maximize the use of DDGS in your diets
Reduce or eliminate inorganic phosphorus
Look for alternative ingredients
Use fish meal replacements
Review your feed additives
Thank you for your attention
http://nutrition.ansci.illinois.edu
H. H. Stein