Transcript ch07_Active_Lecture - Dr Owen class material

Chapter 7
Harvesting Energy:
Glycolysis and
Cellular Respiration
Personal Response
System Questions
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc..
The main function of cellular respiration is to produce:
1.
2.
3.
4.
CO2.
glucose.
ATP.
NADH and FADH2.
You are playing a long tennis match and your muscles
begin to switch to anaerobic respiration. Which of the
following is NOT a bad consequence?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Your cells convert NADH to NAD+.
Lactic acid is produced.
ATP production declines.
Oxygen debt increases.
What is the significance of the conversion of pyruvic
acid (pyruvate) to lactic acid during fermentation?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Pyruvic acid enters
matrix reactions.
NAD+ is
regenerated in
glycolysis.
Oxidation of
pyruvic acid
occurs.
ATP is produced.
How does one account for the bubbles that “tickle your
nose” when one drinks a glass of champagne?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Bubbles of CO2 are trapped due to the chemistry of
aerobic respiration by yeast cells.
Lactic acid fermentation accounts for the bubbles in a
bottle of sparkling wine such as champagne.
The champagne was bottled while the yeasts were
still alive and fermenting, so bubbles of CO2 were
trapped.
The bubbles are simply air bubbles that resulted from
the wine-making process.
Which kind of metabolic poison would interfere
with glycolysis?
1.
2.
3.
4.
An agent that reacts with oxygen and depletes its
concentration in the cell.
An agent that binds to pyruvate and inactivates it.
An agent that closely mimics the structure of glucose,
but is not capable of being metabolized.
An agent that reacts with NADH and oxidizes it to
NAD+.
The insecticide rotenone inhibits one of the steps of
the electron transport system in mitochondria. What is
the immediate result?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Transport of pyruvate into the mitochondria will
increase.
Reactions will increase.
Electron transport will increase.
The rate of fermentation will increase.
When oxygen is present:
1.
2.
3.
4.
most cells utilize aerobic cellular respiration.
most animal cells will carry on fermentation and
produce lactic acid.
most bacteria and yeasts carry on fermentation.
two ATP molecules are produced for each glucose
molecule.
ATP can be used to drive metabolic reactions because:
1.
2.
3.
4.
metabolic reactions release energy.
the breakdown of ATP to ADP releases energy.
the breakdown of ATP to ADP requires energy.
when ATP is broken down to ADP, phosphate is
released.
In yeast, if the electron transport system is shut down
because of a lack of oxygen, glycolysis will probably:
1.
2.
3.
4.
shut down.
increase.
produce more ATP per molecule of glucose.
produce more NADH per molecule of glucose.
As a runner pumps up a hill to the finish line of a race,
her leg muscles are most likely:
1.
2.
3.
4.
using cellular respiration to produce maximal ATP
levels.
using more oxygen for maximal ATP production.
using lactic acid fermentation for ATP production.
both 1 and 2
Chemiosmosis:
1.
2.
3.
4.
generates ATP.
uses ATP.
involves the diffusion of protons from the matrix to
the intermembrane compartment.
generates water from spent electrons, oxygen, and
protons.