Transcript TAKS Blitz Exam #1 Review

CELL ENERGY QUIZ (QUESTION 1)
In the material cycle shown below, which processes are
represented by letters A and B?
a.
b.
c.
d.
A – excretion; B – respiration
A – transpiration; B – excretion
A – photosynthesis; B – transpiration
A – respiration; B – photosynthesis
CELL ENERGY QUIZ (QUESTION 2)
The diagram below represents a cell organelle involved in the
transfer of energy from organic compounds.
1. Arrows in the diagram could represent the release of ____.
a. ATP from a chloroplast carrying out photosynthesis
b. Oxygen from a mitochondrion carrying out photosynthesis
c. Glucose from a chloroplast carrying out respiration
d. Carbon dioxide from a mitochondrion carrying out
respiration
CELL ENERGY QUIZ (QUESTION 3)
1. Why are photosynthesis and cellular respiration often considered
opposites?
a. Photosynthesis produces twice as many ATP molecules as cellular
respiration does.
b. Water is released during photosynthesis and consumed during
cellular respiration.
c. Photosynthesis occurs during the day, and cellular respiration
occurs at night.
d. Oxygen is produced during photosynthesis and used during
cellular respiration
CELL ENERGY QUIZ (QUESTION 4)
An experimental setup is shown below.
1. Which hypothesis would most likely be tested
using this setup?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Light is needed for the process of photosynthesis.
Glucose is not synthesized by plants in the dark.
Protein synthesis takes place in leaves.
Plants need fertilizers for proper growth.
CELL ENERGY QUIZ (#5)
1. Which of the following is an example of solar
energy being converted into chemical energy.
A. Plants producing sugar during the day
B. Water evaporating and condensing in the water
cycle
C. The sun unevenly heating Earth’s surface
D. Lava erupting from the volcanoes for many days
CELL ENERGY QUIZ (#6)
1. Which molecule provides the most energy used to
drive chemical reactions in cells?
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. ATP
D. ADP
CELL REPRODUCTION QUIZ (#1)
3’AATCGC 5’
1. Which of the following nucleotide base
sequences complements the section of DNA
modeled above?
a. 5’UTCGCA3’
b. 5’TTAGCG3’
c. 5’GCGATT3’
d. 5’TTUCGC3’
CELL REPRODUCTION (#2)
1. DNA molecules separate into single strands, which are then used
to construct two identical strands of DNA. This process ensures
that the —
a.
b.
c.
d.
cytoplasm is in equilibrium
mitochondria are genetically identical to the chloroplasts
parent cells use little ATP
daughter cells are genetically identical to the parent cells
CELL REPRODUCTION (#3)
1. The diagram to the right represents a(n)
a. Nucleotide
b. Glycerol
c. Phosphate group
d. Enzyme
CELL REPRODUCTION (#4)
The purpose of the process illustrated in the diagram to the
right is ___
a.
b.
c.
d.
Translate DNA
replicate DNA
Transcribe DNA
Reduce DNA
CELL REPRODUCTION (#5)
1. In all plants and animals cells, the nucleus contains
long molecules of DNA. Which of the following best
describes the function of DNA?
a. DNA provides the shape and structure of the nucleus
b. DNA packages materials for transport through the
nucleus
c. DNA contains the blueprint for producing the whole
organism.
d. DNA carries materials into and out of the nucleus.
CELL REPRODUCTION (#6)
1. Mutation in the DNA molecules can occurs
when ______.
a. replication of DNA is exact
b. a DNA enzyme attaches to an RNA codon
c. RNA codons are replaced by DNA
nucleotides
d. a change occurs in DNA nucleotide bases
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (#1)
1. The assembly of a messenger RNA strand that normally begins with UAC has
been changed so that the newly assembled messenger RNA strand begins with
UAG. Which of the following will most likely occur?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The protein will be missing the first amino acid.
The amino acids that make up the protein will all be different.
The mRNA will become attached to a ribosome.
The production of the protein will be stopped.
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (#2)
1. In the diagram above, what is the structure and function of
molecule D?
a.
b.
c.
d.
DNA - carries coded instruction for manufacturing a protein
mRNA - copies the genetic code
tRNA - brings the amino acid to the ribosome
mRNA - brings the amino acid to the ribosome
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (#3)
1. DNA passes information to RNA during the
process of
a. Transcription
b. Active transport
c. Regeneration
d. Translation
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS (4)
1. Using the codon chart above, what amino acid
sequence would be translated from
5’AUG CAG ACA GGC 3’ ?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Iso Glu Thr Gly
Met Glu Thr Gly
Met His Thr Gly
Iso His Thr Gly
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS #5
1. The diagram above shows how an mRNA molecule is synthesized. What
would be the most likely result if a bacterial infection stopped the
production of the RNA polymerase?
a.
b.
c.
d.
A protein could not be manufactured.
A lysosome would digest the cell.
Osmosis would not occur in the cell.
Dehydration could be prevented in the cytoplasm
CELL BOUNDARIES (#1)
The cell membrane does which of the following?
a. Produce cellular waste
b. Maintains homeostasis
c. Neutralizes chemicals
d. Preserves cellular nutrients
CELL BOUNDARIES (#2)
Which best explains why a freshwater aquarium would be a
dangerous habitat for a saltwater fish?
a. The tissues of the saltwater fish would absorb too much acid
b. The organs of the saltwater fish would produce too much protein
c. The organ system of the saltwater fish would consume too much
energy
d. The cells of the saltwater fish would gain too much water
CELL BOUNDARIES (# 3)
Which of the following processes allows the cell to
dispose of wastes
a. Facilitated diffusion
b. Lipid Bilayer
c. Endocytosis
d. Exocytosis