Transcript Fat Lisa & Friends 40 Answer

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10
What is the “dry weight of an
organism” called
and
what is the majority of it made of?
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Biomass
Protein
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Two scientists determined that RNA
can act as an enzyme.
Name these scientists and
the name they gave these RNA enzymes.
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Cech and Altman
Ribozymes
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Explain the
Endosymbiotic
Hypothesis?
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One larger prokaryotic cell engulfed
a smaller prokaryotic cell and they lived in a
symbiotic relationship that evolved into the
first eukaryotic cell
Let’s Get It Started
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List the four requirements
for life to emerge on Earth
Let’s Get It Started
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1.
2.
Abiotic synthesis of amino acids
Monomers must be able to join and form
polymers
3.
4.
RNA/DNA forms and reproduces
Evolution of a protobiont (protocell)
Let’s Get It Started In
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Illustrate and label
the Miller-Urey experiment
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Fermentation
Liquid Awesome 10
What is unique about water
and no other substance
on Earth?
Liquid Awesome
10: Answer
Can exist in all 3 states
naturally
Liquid Awesome20
Explain the “Giant Tripod” of
water molecules in terms of
molecular bonding
Liquid Awesome 20: Answer
Oxygen side is more negative
(e-)
hydrogen side is more
positive
This allows one molecule to
form
HYDROGEN bonds with
FOUR other molecules
Liquid Awesome 30
Explain how water has the
ability to regulate
temperature on Earth and
keep us from frying
Liquid Awesome 30:
Answer
It takes a tremendous amount of heat
to break all four bonds in the giant tripod at once
to turn water to vapor.
Water can store a large amount of heat
before boiling which allows the ocean
to house heat while the sun is on the opposite
side of the Earth
Liquid Awesome 40
Explain how cohesion
and adhesion work
according to molecular
bonds
Liquid Awesome 40:
Answer
Cohesion: binding thru hydrogen bonds to other
water molecules due to polar molecule
Adhesion: water bonding to other molecules thru
hydrogen bonds due to polarity of each molecule
Liquid Awesome 50
Explain the expansion of
water when it freezes
Liquid Awesome 50:
Answer
Colder = slower molecules
Liquid = bonds at 90 degrees
Solid = bonds at 105 and taking up
more space
The Tramp 10
What is the original
source of carbon in all
organisms?
The Tramp 10
Answer:
Carbon Dioxide
The Tramp 20
Are hydrocarbons
hydrophobic or hydrophilic?
The Tramp 20
Answer
Hydrophobic
(water fearing)
Main component in fatty acid tails
The Tramp 30
The more hydrogens in a
hydrocarbon, the more …..
The Tramp 30 Answer
Energy
The Tramp 40
Why is carbon such
versatile molecule?
(be sure to talk about
electrons)
The Tramp 40
Answer
Can form a tetravalence (intersection)
With four open valence electron slots
this molecule can form bonds
in four directions
The Tramp 50
Name the six
functional groups
The Tramp 50
Answer
1) Hydroxyls
2) Carbonyls
3) Carboxyl
4) Amine
5) Sulfhydrls
6) Phosphate
The Four Horsemen 10
Name the four macromolecules
and their monomers
The Four Horsemen 10
Answer
Carbohydrates – Monosaccharides
Lipids – Hydrocarbons
Proteins – Amino Acids
Nucleic Acids - Nucleotides
The Four Horsemen 20
List the six atoms most
prevalent in Earth’s
organisms
The Four Horsemen 20
Answer
CHNOPS
The Four Horsemen 30
Explain the difference
(molecularly) between saturated
and undaturated fats and their
states of matter at room
temperature
The Four Horsemen 30
Answer
The Four Horsemen 40
Explain the difference
between Purine and
Pyrimidine
The Four Horsemen 40
Answer
PUGA2
The Four Horsemen 50
Name and describe the
4 structures of proteins
The Four Horsemen 50
Answer
Primary: sequence of amino acids (most
important)
Secondary: alpha helixes and beta sheets
(coiling and folding)
Tertiary: di-sulfide bridges stabilize folds
Quarternary: 2+ polypeptides woven
together
Mayo Sandwich 10
Draw and name the building
block molecule
for a plasma membrane
Mayo Sandwich 10
Answer
Phospholipid
Mayo Sandwich 20
List two differences
between peripheral
and integral proteins
Mayo Sandwich 20 Answer
1.
P: only on one side &
are attachment sites
2. I: run thru the membrane &
are used to transport molecules
Mayo Sandwich 30
Draw this scenario (based on cell type) and label
Hypo and Hyper:
You are stranded on a life boat after a
shipwreck and you decide to drink the ocean
water.
Mayo Sandwich 30
Answer
60% water
Hyper
75% Water
Hypo
Mayo Sandwich 40
Explain the analogy
“mayonnaise sandwich”
Answer
Hydrophobic Fatty Acid Tails
The Mayo
Hydrophilic Phosphate Heads
The Bread
Mayo Sandwich 40
Mayo Sandwich 50
Fill in the missing cycles:
1
2
3
4
5
6
Mayo Sandwich 50
Answer
1.
6.
Lyse
2.
Normal
3.
Crenate
4.
Turgid
5.
Normal
Plasmolysis / Flaccid
Fat Lisa & Friends 10
What would happen if “Fat Lisa”
wasn’t present in the cell?
Fat Lisa & Friends 10
Toxins would build up
in the cell causing cell death
Fat Lisa & Friends 20
Describe two differences between
chromatin and chromosomes
Fat Lisa & Friends 20
Answer
Chromatin: loose DNA used for
synthesizing RNA for protein making
Chromosomes: tightly wound DNA used to create equality
between daughter cells in cell division
Fat Lisa & Friends 30
List three cellular functions
that rely on the cytoskeleton
Fat Lisa & Friends 30
Answer
Structure/support
cell division
movement
muscle contraction
Fat Lisa & Friends 40
What is the benefit of
having folded membranes
and list an organelle that
utilizes them?
Fat Lisa & Friends 40
Answer
Increase surface area so more
room to do work
Mitochondria
Fat Lisa & Friends 50
Trace the pathway of
organelles from protein
synthesis to that protein
exiting the cell
Fat Lisa & Friends 50 Answer
Nucleus – RER – Golgi –
Plasma Membrane
Make your wager
Why must cells be small?
(based on surface area and volume)