Transcript Organic Compounds Notes 2014

Wednesday, 1/22
Dock your phones and update your agenda
Glue last night’s homework (Organic
Compounds Reading & Summary) on
page 47L
Put notes for today on page 47R
Put the homework for tonight on page 48L
Pop Quiz
Please close your notebooks and
get out a writing utensil
1. What is one major difference
between ORGANIC and INORGANIC
compounds?
a. Organic compounds come from the earth
b. Inorganic compounds usually contain Carbon
c. Organic compounds usually contain Carbon
d. Inorganic compounds are usually very
complex
2. Photosynthesis and Cellular
Respiration are _________ reactions.
a. Opposite
b. Exothermic
c. Endothermic
d. Unrelated
3. If a liquid has a pH of 4 it is ____?
a. Acidic
b. Basic
c. Neutral
4. Which is NOT an example of an
Organic Compound?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Proteins
Carbon Dioxide
Lipids
Carbohydrates
5. No matter what food you eat, you
can always trace the source of
energy back to __________?
a.
b.
c.
d.
The sun and photosynthesis
Food particles
The heat from the center of the earth
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Organic Compounds
• These compounds get their name “organic” because
they are found in organisms (living things)
What are the 4
types of organic
compounds?
What are all 4
made up of?
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Proteins
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H),
and Oxygen (O)
**IT MUST HAVE CARBON TO BE ORGANIC
CARBOHYDRATES
INFO
glucose
Structure:
C:H:O = 1:2:1
Function:
Structure,
Energy, Sugar
Carbs are broken down into simple sugars by our digestive system!
LIPIDS INFO
Lipids= Fats
H
H-C----O
O
C-CH2--CH2--CH3
O
C-CH2--CH2-CH3
H-C----O
O
C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH
H-C----O
H
glycerol
Structure: Glycerol +
Fatty acid chain
Function: Energy
Storage, Cell
Membrane, Insulation
*Stores the MOST
ENERGY
NUCLEIC ACID INFO
Structure:
Made up of nucleotides: phosphate
group, sugar, nitrogenous bases
Function: Stores genetic information
PROTEIN INFO
Structure:
Contains C, H, O, N
Made up of amino acids
Function: Structure,
Chemical Reactions,
Antibodies
Example of a
protein
Enzyme= can speed up the
rate of a reaction
REVIEW
1. Q: What are the 4 types of organic
compounds?
A: Proteins, lipids (fats), carbohydrates,
Nucleic acids
2. Q: Which organic molecule stores the most
energy?
A: Lipids (Fats)
3. Q: Which organic compound stores our
genetic information?
A: Nucleic acids
Acids and Bases
Acids
An acid is a substance that:
Tastes sour (dangerous)
Oily feeling (dangerous)
Reacts with metals
Corrosive
All contain Hydrogen
Any compound beginning with H is acid
except water (H2O) and peroxide (H2O2)
Acids
Caution:
Wash with water if it gets on you
Never smell
Don’t taste!!
Common Acids
Lactic Acid = Buttermilk
Acetic Acid = Vinegar
Citric Acid = Oranges
Carbonic Acid = Cokes (carbonated water)
Bases
A base is a substance that:
Tastes bitter (dangerous)
Slippery feeling (dangerous)
Dissolves fats, oils, wool, & hair (lye)
Neutralizes acids to form salt and
water.
All have Hydroxides (OH)
Bases
Common Bases
NH4OH = Ammonia
NaOH = Lye
Mg(OH)2 = Milk of Magnesia, Rolaids,
Tums
NaHCO3 = Sodium Bicarbonate: Baking
Soda
pH Scale
The pH scale is a range of values from 014 that tells the concentration of Hydrogen
ions in a solution.
0 = Most Acidic
7 = Neutral
14 = Most Basic
How do we know the pH of a
substance?
pH Strips: turn various colors based on acid or
base it touches- we used these in yesterday’s lab
Homework
Read the article on page 48L
Create 2 ‘quiz questions’ for
the article.
Answer the questions