Transcript Enzymes
HAPPY MONDAY Bellwork: 1. Organize Buff Binder 2. Study for Vocab Quiz 3. Quickwrite: Summarize what you have learned about carbohydrate, lipids, and proteins in 41 words. In your summary, you must use the words Monomer Polymer Carbohydrate Lipid Protein 4 calories/gram 9 calories/gram 1:2:1 Amino Acid Fatty Acid Monosaccharide Open House Tonight 6pm-7:30pm Notecard check Thursday Quiz! Essential Question: What is the function of an enzyme? Enzymes Notes I. What is an enzyme? A. Some chemical reactions that make life possible are too slow to make them practical for living tissue. B. A catalyst is a substance that speeds up the rate of chemical reactions. C. Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts. 1. Enzymes speed up chemical reactions that take place in cells. 2. Enzymes are very specific, generally catalyzing only one chemical reaction. 3. For this reason, part of an enzyme’s name is usually derived from the reaction it catalyzes. Enzymes usually end in the suffix “–ase”. Ex. Alcohol dehydrogenase catalyzes the reaction that removes water from alcohol. II. How do enzymes work? A. Enzymes provide a site where reactants can be brought together to react. B. The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are known as substrates. C. The substrates bind to a site on the enzyme called the active site. D. The fit between the enzyme and its substrate are so precise that it is often compared to a lock and key. E. The enzyme and substrate are bound together and form the enzyme-substrate complex. F. Once the reaction is over, the products of the reaction are released and the enzyme is free to start the process again. reuseable Lock-and-key Diagram Draw, color, and label this diagram Reactant Reactant Product Enzyme animation Enzyme Enzyme Enzyme Enzyme animation G. Enzymes play essential roles in regulating chemical reactions, making materials that cells need, releasing energy, and transferring information. H. Enzymes work by lowering the activation energy required to start a chemical reaction. I. Like all biological molecules, enzymes work best under certain internal conditions. J. This is another reason why maintaining homeostasis is important for living things. Draw, color, and label this diagram Enzyme animation Enzyme/Substrate Activity: Design your own connecting analogy to demonstrate an enzyme and substrate. Color them and label the following: enzyme substrate enzyme-substrate complex Then fill in the following analogy: Enzymes and substrates fit together like _______ and _______. The Enzyme Lingo • Enzyme: a protein that speeds up chemical reactions • Catalyst: substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction • Substrate: the substances that reacts with the enzyme • Active Site: place where the substrate bonds to the (the “reactant” in the reaction…remember reactants and enzyme products?) • Enzyme-Substrate Complex: substance formed when the enzyme and substrate bond together As always, summarize what you have learned about enzymes in 30 words. In your summary, you must use the words: enzyme substrate active site enzyme-substrate complex