Transcript History of the Earth Jeopardy - Jutzi

History of the Earth Jeopardy
Before the Earth
Major Events
Timelines
Pictures
Earth’s Future
100
100
100
100
100
200
200
200
200
200
300
300
300
300
300
400
400
400
400
400
500
500
500
500
500
Final Jeopardy
2
How long ago did the “Big
Bang” occur?
3
13.7 Billion Years Ago
4
What is the name our galaxy and the
name of the closest galaxy to our
own?
5
Ours - The Milky Way
Closest - The Andromeda
Galaxy
6
What is theorized to be at
the center of every galaxy?
7
Super-massive Black Holes
8
How did the moon form?
9
th
5
A inner planet named Theia
smashed into Earth 4.6 bya and
blew debris into orbit. Eventually,
the debris formed an accretion
disk and soon thereafter coalesced
into the moon
10
What are the “seeds” of stars,
planets, and entire solar
systems, how do these
“seeds” arise, and what are
these “seeds” made of?
11Solar Systems (etc) are formed from
nebulas
Nebulas come from exploded
supernovas
Nebulas are comprised of the 92
naturally occurring elements
12
What was the
Cambrian
Explosion and
what was the end
result of the event?
13
Explosion of life at the beginning of
the Phanerozoic Eon
Result – All present animal Phyla
developed during the Cambrian
Explosion over the course of 20
million years or so
14
Compare and contrast the
P-T and K-T Extinctions on
the basis of cause, the time
in which they occurred,
and the end result of the
extinctions
15
P-T – Caused by the formation of Pangaea and
the super-volcano eruption that occurred in
present-day Siberia about 251 mya
- Resulted in the death of 83% of all animal
genera
K-T – Caused by an asteroid impact near the
Yucatan Peninsula 65 mya
- Resulted in the extinction of the dinosaurs
16
What caused the Snowball Earth event
and how did this event come to an end?
17
Cause – Proliferation of photosynthetic
organisms began to draw too much CO2 out of
the atmosphere causing it to cool down rapidly
End – The frozen landscape allowed very little
photosynthesis to occur. Additionally volcanism
was releasing high amounts of CO2 into the
atmosphere. Eventually the CO2 rose to a point
to melt the Snowball Earth
18
What was the defining event
that led to the ability of singlecelled organisms to begin to
form multicellular organisms?
19
Atmospheric oxygen rose to a
point high enough for massive
amounts of collagen to be
produced
20
Why was the “Late Heavy
Bombardment” so
important in the
development of life on
Earth?
21
It brought most of
the water to the
Earth as well as
the amino acids
essential for life to
exist
22
The first 3 Eons of Earth’s
history are collectively
known as what?
23
The Precambrian
24
In which Eon did
Snowball Earth occur?
25
Proterozoic
26
In which Period did
dinosaurs reach their peak
diversity?
27
The Cretaceous Period
28
Describe the following 3 Eras of
the Phanerozoic
Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
29
Paleozoic – Formation of all present animal
phyla, formation of Pangaea, colonization
of land by plants & animals
Mesozoic – The Age of Dinosaurs (Earth was
hotter & wetter with lots of jungles &
swamps)
Cenozoic – The Age of Mammals (Earth got
much cooler & drier and the jungles/
swamps gave way to grasslands)
30
What
is the
Label
thebalanced
followingformula
time
for photosynthesis?
periods
as either an Eon,
Era, Period, or Epoch.
Pleistocene
Hadean
Paleozoic
Triassic
Cambrian
Phanerozoic
31
Pleistocene - Epoch
Hadean - Eon
Paleozoic - Era
Triassic - Period
Cambrian - Period
Phanerozoic - Eon
32 What is the name of the landmass
pictured below and what was the
climate like throughout much of the
interior of the landmass?
33
Pangaea – Most of the
inner landmass was
scorching desert
34
What is the name for these mounds of
photosynthetic bacteria that are
responsible for the majority of the
atmospheric oxygen on earth?
35
Stromatolites
36
What is the name of this
fractal organism that may be
found in 560 million year old
rock all over the world?
37
Charnia
38
What does the following figure show
about the development of Homo sapiens
over the last 1 million years?
39
Other species of the Homo
genus competed with Homo
sapiens for resources.
Eventually Homo sapiens
were the only species left by
30,000 years ago
40
What is tidal braking?
41
The moon pulls on the tidal bulge in the
opposite direction of the spin of the
Earth. Resulting friction between the
ocean water and the ocean floor
constantly slows the spin of the Earth.
(The moon is speeding up at the same time)
42
In how many years
from now is the Earth
expected to enter a
new ice age?
37
Approximately 25,000 years
44
What theory predicts that the
Atlantic ocean will reach a
maximum size, collapse, and
that the continents will then
come back together in a
formation similar to
Pangaea?
45
Introversion Theory
46
What will happen once the moon
leaves earth’s orbit and flies off
into space?
47
The moon will cease to stabilize
Earth on its 23.5° axial tilt and it
will begin to tumble around its
axis causing the climate to
destabilize forever
48
Which would have a more devastating
impact on life on Earth? Explain.
Formation of a New Super-continent
Or
Solidification of Earth’s inner core
49
Super-continent – May cause extinctions
and change weather patterns
Solid Core – Magnetic field around the
Earth would break down and solar
radiation would destroy all DNA it touched
(Much worse fate)
50
Compare and contrast “The Big
Crunch” and “The Big Freeze”
The Big Freeze
51
Proposes that our universe is open & will continue
to expand and lose heat until it is completely dark
and everything in the universe is at absolute zero
The Big Crunch
Proposes that the mass of the universe will
eventually overpower its expansion & it will
contract back to a singularity similar to the one
that brought about the Big Bang. Predicts a closed,
oscillatory universe that cycles in/out of existence
52
53