Transcript Test Your Knowledge!

Human Physiology
The Nervous System
Neurons and Synapses
Chapter 4
Neurons and Supporting Cells
Match the neuroglia to their functions:
Answer Cell type
1. __
1. Ependymal
cells
Function
A. Produce cerebrospinal
fluid.
B. Remove debris.
Match the type of neuroglia to its main function.
2. __
2. Microglia
3. __
3.
Oligodendrocytes
4. Astrocytes
4. __
C. Blood brain barrier.
D. Provide myelin coat
around the axons in the
CNS
ANSWER
Neurons and Supporting Cells
Match the neuroglia to their functions:
Answer Cell type
1. A
1. Ependymal
cells
Function
A. Produce cerebrospinal
fluid.
B. Remove debris.
Match the type of neuroglia to its main function.
2. B
2. Microglia
3. D
3.
Oligodendrocytes
4. Astrocytes
4. C
C. Blood brain barrier.
D. Provide myelin coat
around the axons in the
CNS
Neurons and Supporting Cells
Which of the following is the most likely
consequence of demyelinating diseases
like multiple sclerosis?
A. stronger action potentials.
B. faster conduction velocity.
C. slower conduction velocity.
D. weaker action potentials.
ANSWER
Neurons and Supporting Cells
Which of the following is the most likely
consequence of demyelinating diseases
like multiple sclerosis?
A. stronger action potentials.
B. faster conduction velocity.
C. slower conduction velocity.
D. weaker action potentials.
Action Potential
An action potential
A. begins with Na+ moving into the cell.
B. begins with Na+ leaving the cell.
C. makes cell membrane potential briefly positive.
D. makes cell membrane more negative.
E. B & D
F. A & C
ANSWER
Action Potential
An action potential
A. begins with Na+ moving into the cell.
B. begins with Na+ leaving the cell.
C. makes cell membrane potential briefly positive.
D. makes cell membrane more negative.
E. B & D
F. A & C
Action Potential
During the downward part of the action
potential (D), the membrane becomes most
permeable to ________ ion.
A. potassium.
B. calcium.
C. chloride.
D. sodium.
ANSWER
Action Potential
During the downward part of the action
potential (D), the membrane becomes most
permeable to ________ ion.
A. potassium.
B. calcium.
C. chloride.
D. sodium.
Action Potential
Rearrange the following:
A. Closing of voltage-gated Na+ channels
B. Repolarization
C. Opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels
D. Depolarization to threshold
E. Stimulus
F. Rapid depolarization
G. Opening of voltage-gated K+ channels
Correct order __→ __→ __→ __→ __→ __→ __.
ANSWER
Action Potential
Rearrange the following:
A. Closing of voltage-gated Na+ channels
B. Repolarization
C. Opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels
D. Depolarization to threshold
E. Stimulus
F. Rapid depolarization
G. Opening of voltage-gated K+ channels
Correct order E→D→ C→ F→ A→ G→B.
The Synapse
Which one of these follows all-ornone principle?
A. Inhibitory postsynaptic potential.
B. Graded potential.
C. Action potential.
D. Excitatory postsynaptic potential.
ANSWER
The Synapse
Which one of these follows all-ornone principle?
A. Inhibitory postsynaptic potential.
B. Graded potential.
C. Action potential.
D. Excitatory postsynaptic potential.
The Synapse
Rearrange the following steps at a synapse
in the correct order:
A. Neurotransmitter diffuses across the cleft.
B. Release of neurotransmitter.
C. Ion channel opens on postsynaptic cell.
D. Neurotransmitter binds to the postsynaptic
receptor.
Correct order is ?→ ?→ ?→ ?.
The Synapse
Rearrange the following steps at a synapse
in the correct order:
A. Neurotransmitter diffuses across the cleft.
B. Release of neurotransmitter.
C. Ion channel opens on postsynaptic cell.
D. Neurotransmitter binds to the postsynaptic
receptor.
Correct order is B→ A→ D→ C.
The Synapse
Electrical and chemical synapses differ in that
A. electrical synapses have a refractory period.
B. chemical synapses can have graded and
summation response.
C. chemical synapses rely on neurotransmitters for
signaling.
D. electrical synapses have an all or none response.
E. All the above are correct
BACK TO GAME
The Synapse
Electrical and chemical synapses differ in that
A. electrical synapses have a refractory period.
B. chemical synapses can have graded and
summation response.
C. chemical synapses rely on neurotransmitters for
signaling.
D. electrical synapses have an all or none response.
E. All the above are correct
Neurotransmitters
An example of a gas as a
neurotransmitter is
___________.
ANSWER
Neurotransmitters
An example of a gas as a
neurotransmitter is nitric
oxide.
Neurotransmitters
Which of the following is likely to
open post-synaptic chloride
channels?
A. Gamma amino butyric acid.
B. Glutamate.
C. Acetylcholine.
ANSWER
D. Aspartate.
Neurotransmitters
Which of the following is likely to
open post-synaptic chloride
channels?
A. Gamma amino butyric acid.
B. Glutamate.
C. Acetylcholine.
D. Aspartate.
Neurotransmitters
This enzyme is primarily responsible for
intracellular degradation of dopamine
and epinephrine.
A. Monoamine oxidase.
B. Catechol O-methyl transferase.
C. Acetylcholinesterase.
D. Tyrosine Beta Hydroxylase.
ANSWER
Neurotransmitters
This enzyme is primarily responsible for
intracellular degradation of dopamine
and epinephrine.
A. Monoamine oxidase.
B. Catechol O-methyl transferase.
C. Acetylcholinesterase.
D. Tyrosine Beta Hydroxylase.
Neurotransmitters
Which of the following is most likely to
be removed from the synapse by
enzymatic degradation?
A. Norepinephrine.
B. Serotonin.
C. Acetylcholine.
D. Dopamine.
ANSWER
Neurotransmitters
Which of the following is most likely to
be removed from the synapse by
enzymatic degradation?
A. Norepinephrine.
B. Serotonin.
C. Acetylcholine.
D. Dopamine.
Neurotransmitters
Which of the following statements regarding
neurotransmitters is true?
A. Acetylcholine binds to adrenergic receptors.
B. Opiate drugs, such as morphine, are antagonists of
endorphins.
C. Catecholamines are the most abundant
neurotransmitters in the central nervous system.
D. Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is a major
excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system.
E. Acetylcholine is broken down by enzymes present on
postsynaptic cell membranes.
ANSWER
Neurotransmitters
Which of the following statements regarding
neurotransmitters is true?
A. Acetylcholine binds to adrenergic receptors.
B. Opiate drugs, such as morphine, are antagonists of
endorphins.
C. Catecholamines are the most abundant
neurotransmitters in the central nervous system.
D. Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) is a major
excitatory transmitter in the central nervous system.
E. Acetylcholine is broken down by enzymes present on
postsynaptic cell membranes.