Transcript Chapter 28
Lecture 24 Urinary System 28-1 Urinary System Anatomy Anterior Kidney Ureter Stomach Pancreas Large intestine Abdominal aorta Liver Renal vein Renal artery Inferior vena cava Right kidney Renal hilum Fibrous capsule Spleen Fat Urinary bladder Urethra (a) Anterior view Rib Left kidney Posterior Fig. 27.2 Fig. 27.1 External Anatomy of Kidneys •Renal capsule –surrounds each kidney •Hilum –renal artery and nerves enter and renal vein and ureter exit kidneys 28-2 Internal Anatomy of Kidneys • Renal cortex: Outer area – Renal columns • Renal medulla: Inner area – Renal pyramids • Calyces Fig. 27.3 – Major: Converge to form renal pelvis – Minor: Collects urine from individual renal pyramid • Nephron: Functional unit of kidney 28-3 • Renal corpuscle The Nephron – Bowman’s capsule – Glomerulus • network of capillaries • Arterioles – Afferent • blood to glomerulus – Efferent • drains • Tubules – Proximal (convoluted) tubule – Loops of Henle • Descending limb • Ascending limb Fig. 27.5 – Distal (convoluted) tubule • Collecting ducts 28-4 Ureters and Urinary Bladder • Ureters – tubes through which urine flows from kidneys to urinary bladder • Urinary bladder Ureter Peritoneum – stores urine • Urethra – transports urine from bladder to outside of body – difference in length between males and females – sphincters • Internal urinary • External urinary Ureteral openings Neck of urinary bladder Internal urethral sphincter External urethral sphincter Fig. 27.9 28-5 Review Question Think back for a moment to the lectures on histology. What type of epithelium would line the inside of the ureters and urinary bladder? (a) Stratified squamous (b) Pseudostratified columnar (c) Simple cuboidal (d) Transitional (e) Simple squamous 28-6 Points to Remember • Kidney filters blood to eliminate metabolic wastes (e.g. urea formed from ammonia that is removed from blood by liver) and reabsorb substances such as sugars, amino acids, sodium and chloride • Functional unit of kidney is nephron • Ureters, urinary bladder and urethra transport urine (product of nephron) outside of body 28-7 Questions? 28-8