Transcript File
Draw and label a diagram to show how an enzyme works. Label the substrate, enzyme, active site Where are proteins made? What reaction does protease catalyse? Give some examples of proteins. Where does this reaction happen? What conditions does the enzyme work best in? What reaction does lipase catalyse? What reaction does amylase catalyse? Why can enzymes not be killed? Why are enzymes used in baby foods? Where does this reaction happen? What conditions does the enzyme work best in? What is bile? What are the disadvantages of using enzymes in washing powders Where does this reaction happen? Where is bile made? Where is bile stored? What two main factors can affect the rate at which an enzyme works? 1. 2. What is bile’s job in relation to fats? . What conditions does the enzyme work best in? What are the advantages of using enzymes in washing powders? Explain why a biological detergent doesn’t work well at 60°C: and why it works slowly at 10oC: Why are enzymes needed to produce slimming products? What is bile’s job in relation to the small intestine? Why is this important? Draw and label a diagram to show how an enzyme works. Label the substrate, enzyme, active site Why can enzymes not be killed? Enzymes were never living to start with (never carried out MRS NERG), they are just strands of DNA / protein. Why are enzymes used in baby foods? Protease enzymes are used to predigest baby food so babies can get hold of more of the nutrients Where are proteins made? At ribosomes in all body cells Give some examples of proteins. Keratin in nails and hair, melanin in skin pigment, haemoglobin in red blood cells, enzymes, mucous, cilia, gastric juices. What reaction does amylase catalyse? Starch into glucose Where is the enzyme secreted from? Salivary glands, pancreas and small intestine What conditions does the enzyme work best in? Weak alkali – pH 8 What is the protein bile? A strong alkali Where is bile made? In the liver Where is bile stored? In the gall bladder What two main factors can affect the rate at which an enzyme works? 1. pH 2. Temperature What reaction does protease catalyse? Proteins into amino acids Where is the enzyme secreted from? Stomach, pancreas and small intestine What conditions does the enzyme work best in? Strong acid – pH 2 What reaction does lipase catalyse? Fats into fatty acids and glycerol Where is the enzyme secreted from? Small intestine and pancreas What conditions does the enzyme work best in? Weak alkali – pH 8 What are the advantages of using enzymes in washing powders? Lower temperatures used so less fossils fuels used to generate electricity and fewer carbon emissions produced. What are the disadvantages of using enzymes in washing powders May cause dermatitis May remove more of the colouring from clothes than non-biological What is bile’s job in relation to fats? Explain why a biological detergent doesn’t work well at 60°C: powders. Breaks UP (emulsifies) large fats into Enzymes are denatured – don’t fit the active site of the More expensive to produce. smaller fat droplets to increase the substrate surface area for the enzyme lipase to and why it works slowly at 10oC: work on. Less kinetic energy so fewer collisions . What is bile’s job in relation to the small intestine? Why is this Why are enzymes needed to produce slimming products? important? Carbohydrases are needed to turn starch into glucose. Neutralises the stomach acid and makes chyme slightly alkali Isomerase is needed to turn glucose into fructose. As providing the optimum conditions for the small intestine enzymes to fructose is sweeter than glucose less is needed to give the work at. same sweet taste, meaning fewer calories.