Transcript Focus Lesson: Please grab the new handout from the front

Focus Lesson:
Please grab the
new handout from
the front table.
WE WILL BE COMPLETING THE DEFINITION
COLUMN TODAY. FOLD YOUR HANDOUT TO
MAKE THIS EASIER.
Essential Question
Why is the sequence of nucleotides in DNA
molecules so important?
Daily Objectives:
SWBAT explain how the structure of DNA codes for the production of proteins.
SWBAT determine the proteins produced given a strand of DNA and a codon chart.
How will we get there?
LAST CLASS
Vocabulary Quiz
◦
You must MAKE THIS UP if you missed it.
THIS CLASS
Focus Lesson: DNA Macromolecule
Notes: Protein Synthesis
Review Genetics Home
Learning
Notes: Protein Synthesis
◦ How does DNA code for the proteins
that we SEE????
◦ We need to finish up our notes on page
11, and the reflections on page 10
◦ How does DNA code for the
proteins that we SEE????
Group Practice
Home Learning: Look up your
quiz grade and track it in your
notebook.
Boom Bag
Home Learning: Transcription and
Translation Practice (Page 13 and 12)
Video: Making RNA, Decoding it, Building a
Protein
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nHM4UUVHPQM
Remember our video norms!
Heads UP!
Hands FREE!
Eyes FORWARD!
Step 1: Make RNA
Ribonucleic Acid
◦ Single stranded
◦ Made in the Nucleus
◦ Monomer: Nucleotides◦ sugar (ribose), phosphate, nitrogen base:
◦ A-U, G-C
◦ U= Uracil
What qualitative observations do you notice about the nitrogen
bases found in RNA?
Always remember…
RNA
loves
U
Why is RNA single stranded?
DNA cannot leave the nucleus, so in order to make proteins,
mRNA must be made.
Tiny window.
WIDE bottom.
Page 10- top half
Compare and Contrast
DNA
Both
RNA
Answers!- Check your work
DNA
double stranded
A=T
uses the sugar deoxyribose
cannot leave the nucleus
used in DNA Replication
Both
-both are used in
transcription
-made up of
phosphates,
sugars and
nitrogen bases
-contain genetic
information
-use G, C and A
RNA
single stranded
A=U
uses the sugar ribose
Can leave the nucleus
used in translation
So how do
we make
RNA?
Now that we know what
RNA is, and why it is
needed. Let’s finish up
STEP ONE: MAKE RNA.
Make RNA: Transcription
(DNAmRNA)
1. DNA unzips- How?
2. mRNA is made from the DNA template
◦
◦
This happens in the nucleus.
Following base pair rules
Draw a Picture of Transcription in your notes:
Transcription
1 DNA
1 mRNA
Practice with Transcription
Let’s practice transcription! I’ll give you one strand of DNA, and
you complete the complementary strand of RNA. (Remember, in
RNA replace T with U).
DNA strand: ATT AGG CCG GAT TAG CCT ATT
RNA strand: UAA UCC G
DNA strand: ATT GCA TTA TCG ATT ATC CTA
RNA strand:
Check your work!
Practice with Transcription
Let’s practice transcription! I’ll give you one strand of DNA, and you
complete the complementary strand of RNA. (Remember, in RNA
replace T with U).
DNA strand: ATT AGG CCG GAT TAG CCT ATT
RNA strand:UAA UCC GGC CUA AUC GGA UAA
DNA strand: ATT GCA TTA TCG ATT ATC CTA
RNA strand: UAA CGU AAU AGC UAA UAG GAU
So now we have
RNA… what
next?
So RNA is made, it can sneak out
of the nucleus to carry DNA’s
secret message. HOW DOES THE
RIBOSOME READ IT?
On page 10- Bottom half
Copy down this code: UGCGACUACUGA
Use the following decoder to decipher the following code WRITE IT
BIG:
◦ GAC = Shum
◦ UGA = Awesome
◦ CAC = teacher
◦ GCU = Awful
◦ UAC = Is
◦ UCC = Ed
GGG = Your
AAG = White
CGA = School
UGC = Ms.
CCA = Biology
ACC = High
Notes Page 11
Step 2: Decode RNA
Translation- changing the language
From mRNA nucleotides into amino acids in the ribosome (rRNA)
mRNA is “read” with each set of 3 nucleotides acting like a word
◦ Each of these 3 letter words is called a codon,
◦ Different codons code for different amino acids.
Ex: AUG=amino acid methionine
GCA=amino acid alanine
(3 nucleotides=1 codon=1 amino acid)
CODONS are as
easy as 1,2,3!
A codon is a 3 nucleotide sequence of mRNA
Example:
◦ AUG
What does
AUG code for?
Step 3: Building the protein
Synthesis
◦The amino acids link together to form a protein polymer
What is another biological term for protein?
1 mRNA
Amino Acid chain = Protein
Step 3: Building The protein
tRNA (transport RNA) brings in amino acids according to the
codon
These attach on the mRNA in the ribosome
DNA ---- mRNA ------ Protein
Translation Practice
-Let’s practice translation! I’ll give you the mRNA strand, and you
figure out what amino acids it codes for.
(Remember, 3 nucleotides=1 amino acid)
You will need a text book.
PAGE 244
mRNA: AUG CCC UUU GAG AAG CGU amino acid chain:
methionine-proline
Practice Continued
mRNA strand:
AUG GGG UGG AGA AGU GUG UGA
amino acid chain:
Practice continued
mRNA strand: AUG AGU AAC CCA UAA
amino acid chain:
Home Learning
Complete the 11 questions on Page 13 to practice what
we’ve learned today.
There are 4 steps at the bottom of the worksheet for how to
complete Page 12.