Transcript Webster v. Reproductive Healthcare Services

Goal 12 – Ford to George W. Bush
Nixon ReCap
• Vietnam
– Pulls troops out
• Roe v. Wade, 25th Amendment (VP Successor)
and 26th Amendment (voting), OSHA
(Occupational Safety and Hazard Act
• Economy
– Stagflation (effects Carter and Ford)
– Downhill/Very poor
• Mass paranoia
– Watergate, wiretapping, etc.
– Resigns in 1974
Energy/Oil Crisis
• Yom Kippur War
– Israel and Arab States fighting (Israeli-Palestinian
Conflicts today)
– US sides with Israel
• Middle East holds grudge, places an embargo
on the US.
– OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting
Countries) places embargo
• Oil Prices soar, massive inflation, economy goes
downhill
Environmentalism
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EPA-Rachel Carson and pesticides
Three Mile Island
Earth Day
Endangered Species Act
Gerald Ford
• “Our long national nightmare is over”…but
is it really?
• Pardons Nixon for any possible crimes
• Terrible recession
• Main cause was gas prices
• Embargo from Middle East (OPEC, 1973)
• Helsinki Accords (1975)
• Greater cooperation between E.European and
W.European nations (ease Cold War tensions)
• Ford’s Greatest Accomplishment
Jimmy Carter
”Washington Outsider”
– Relatively unknown (former
governor from GA)
– “I will never tell a lie to the
people”
– Energy crisis (lack of fuel)
• National Energy Act
– Foreign policy
• Gave up Panama Canal
• SALT II
• Boycotted 1980
Olympics (Soviet
invasion of Afghanistan)
•Camp David Peace Accords
•Between Israel (Menachem
Begin) and Egypt (Anwar
Sadat)
•Iran Hostage Crisis
•52 Americans held hostage for 444
days. (Release day Reagan takes
over)
•Ultimately leads him to lose 1980
election
Conservative Era
• Conservatives Emerge
– Lasts thru presidencies of Reagan & Bush Sr.
– Known as “New Right”
– speak out about liberal nature or America
– Movement centers around Moral Majority
• Anti abortion, against affirmative action, court
ordered busing etc.
Reagan
• Ronald Reagan wins 1980 election
• Pushes for less gov’t, lower taxes, traditional values
• “Reaganomics”
– Budget cuts- huge cuts on services for poor & needy; no cuts for
middle class
– Tax cuts- supply side economics
– Strategic Defense Initiative (known as Star Wars) – missile
defense system
– National debt soars
• Conservative Court
– Puts 4 judges on supreme court
– William Rehnquist as Chief Justice
– Sandra Day O’Connor - 1st female Supreme Court justice
Social Concerns
• AIDS
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Began in 1960s (probably in Africa)
Spread thru gay community and IV drug users
Also thru blood transfusions
Awareness and prevention during 1980s
• Abortion
– Webster v. Reproductive Healthcare Services, 1989
• Gave states rights to restrict abortions
• Drug Abuse
– New forms – cocaine, crack, heroine, etc.
– “War on Drugs” – “Just Say No”
Foreign Policy
• End of Cold War
– Mikhail Gorbachev takes over as leader of Soviet Union in 1985
– Instituted glastnost (open criticism of Soviet gov’t) and
perestroika (less gov’t control of economy)
– Better relations w/ US = less $ spent on defense
– Soviets reduce number of Soviet troops in E.Europe
– Satellite nations begin moving towards democracy
– E.Germany tears down Berlin Wall in 1989; Germany re-united
in 1990
– Gorbachev resigns in 1991; Soviet Union dissolves
– George Bush & Boris Yelstin announce end of Cold War in 1992
• China
– Remains communists
– Tiananmen Square – student protests for democracy crushed
by military
• Iran-Contra Scandal
– US stops weapons sales to Iran in 1983 b/c of
terrorist actions
– US begins secret sale of weapons in 1986
• American hostages released in exchange
– Money from weapons used to fund Contra rebels in
Nicaragua
– Lt.Col. Oliver North takes fall; pays fine and has
community service
George H.W. Bush
• “No New Taxes!”
• Persian Gulf War
– Saddam Hussein
invaded oil-rich Kuwait
• Needs money to pay for
war against Iran
– US attacks Iraq in
Jan.1991 and liberates
Kuwait by Feb,1991
– US implements
embargo against Iraq
• Causes many civilians
to die during 1990s
• Recession hits, taxes
the people.
Bill Clinton
• Bill Clinton
– Wins election of 1992,
due mainly to
economic troubles
under Bush Sr.
– Clinton advocated a
moderate platform
• Balanced the budget;
Economy boomed
• Attempted to reform
welfare
Clinton
– North American Free
Trade Agreement
(NAFTA)- free trade
between US, Canada,
& Mexico
– Republicans gained
control of Congress
• Newt Gingrich &
“Contract with America”
• Republican Reforms
• Whitewater Scandal
– Illegal use of real
estate funds
– Clinton impeached for
perjury & obstruction
of justice
• Centered around affair
w/ intern Monica
Lewinsky
• Not removed from office
– Sent troops to
Yugoslovia/Bosnia in
1999 as part of a UN
mission
George W. Bush
– Bush win disputed
election of
2000(Bush v. Gore)
• Main conflict was
in Florida (300
vote difference)
• Gore wins
popular vote;
Bush wins
electoral vote
George W. Bush
– Terrorist Attacks Sept.11, 2001
• World Trade Center (NY), Pentagon (DC),
Pennsylvania
• 3000+ killed
– Patriot Act
– War on Terror
• Invasion of Afghanistan (Taliban & Al Qaeda)
• Followed the War Powers Act (established in
1973)
• Axis of Evil: Iran, Iraq, North Korea.
– (ESEA) No Child Left Behind
Additional Vocabulary to Know
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27th Amendment- Congressional Pay
Americans with Disabilities Act (1990)
Title IX- equal opportunity for women (sports)
Texas v. Johnson, 1989- Flag burning
Three Mile Island- Nuclear Reactor Meltdown
Bill Gates & Microsoft
NASDAQ- stock exchange (mostly tech stocks)
Challenger disaster
Nelson Mandela- apartheid(South Africa Civil
Rights)
• Geraldine Ferraro