forensic science - McEachern High School
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Transcript forensic science - McEachern High School
FORENSIC SCIENCE
Toxicology
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Drug Assignments
Today
is the last day for DRUG
ASSIGNMENTS
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Forensic Files, 4-8
What
is the difference between stimulants
and hallucinogens?
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Today is the last day to turn in:
All
drug notes (3- Intro, Drugs, Testing)
2 drug labs: Drugs & Money- table 3, Spot
test- table 1)
Spectrograph review
Technology assignment: Mouse Party or
Drug Dosage Gizmo
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Forensic File #2
You
have been asked to determine the
difference between aspirin (salicylic acid)
and tylenol, both of which are white
powders.
What would you use to tell the difference?
Think back to the lab from yesterday (HCl,
water, FeCl, Universal indicator). What
would this tell you?
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Today’s assignments
Alcohol
notes from blog
BAC lab
BAC calculations
Start
Crime 360- Gilpin Court
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Forensic File #3
What
would you use to tell the difference?
Think back to the lab from yesterday (HCl,
water, FeCl, Universal indicator). What
would this tell you?
Use Universal Indicator- this will tell you
the difference between acids and bases…
aspirin is an ACID
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Project
Two
or three people per group
Case must involve DRUGS, POISONS,
ARSON
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Drug-Control Laws
Controlled
substance act, Title II or the
Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and
Control Act of 1970
Legal foundation of the Government’s fight
against abuse of drugs and other substances
A consolidation of numerous laws
regulating the manufacture and distribution
of narcotics, stimulants, depressants, &
hallucinogens
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Drug Identification
The
challenge is that the unknown
substance may have one of a thousand or
more commonly encountered drugs and the
investigator may have only a limited supply
of the evidence to test
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Screening tests
Primary
function is to eliminate some drugs
from consideration
Also referred to as PRESUMPTIVE tests
since they don’t actually identify the
substance
These include spot tests (color change test)
and microcrystalline test
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DRUG IDENTIFICATION
Screening tests or
presumptive tests
Color tests
Microcrystalline test-a reagent is added that
produces a crystalline
precipitate which are
unique for certain
drugs.
Confirmation tests
Chromatography
Spectrophotometry
Mass spectrometry
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Presumptive Color Tests:
Spot tests
Often
done on a spot plate or
in a test tube
Normally destroys the sample
No spot test is specific for a
particular drug, so a negative
test is a good indicator for
ruling something out
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Presumptive Tests for drugs
Test
Color change
Indicates the presence of
Marquis
Purple
In presence of most opium
derivatives
Orange-brown
In presence of amphetamines &
methamphetamines
Dillie-Koppanyi
Violet-blue
Most barbituates
Duquenois-Levine
Purple
Marijuana
Van Urk
Purple
Presence of LSD
Scott
Blue
Powdered cocaine
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Microscopic tests
Morphology-
most commonly used with
plant matter such as marijuana
Look for botanical features associated with
plant
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Microcrystalline test
Involves
dissolving the sample in a suitable
solvent, filtering and adding a precipitating
agent to promote crystallization
The size and shape of the crystals are highly
characteristic of the drug
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Chromatography
Thin
layer or gas chromatography used
Comparison of the Rf or retention-time
values between questioned and known
drugs
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Probable or conclusive
identification tests
Spectrophometry
or mass spectroscopy
Data can separate a complex mixture and
then unequivocally identify each substance
in the mixture
Match the spikes to known substances to
identify
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Human Analysis
for Drugs
Blood
Liver tissue
Urine
Brain tissue
Vitreous
Kidney tissue
Bile
Spleen tissue
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