Transcript Section 17.3 - 2012Fall

Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
What factors do you think are responsible for teens
using cigarettes and marijuana?
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
4 Drug Classifications
1.
2.
3.
4.
Depressants
Stimulants
Hallucinogens
Anabolic Steroids
Exception of anabolic steroid, drugs in the classes are
used to alter mood, thought, and feeling.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Drug Dependency
Physical dependence:
• Using the drug repeatedly makes the body need
the drug to continue working
• Will result in withdrawal when stop using
Psychological Dependence:
• The users feels a “need” or “craves” the drug
• They believe they cannot function without the drug
• Can last longer than physical dependence
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Drug Terms
Withdrawal- the body’s reaction to suddenly no longer
getting that drug
• Can be life threatening, must already have a
dependency on the drug
Tolerance- the body’s reaction, or the effect of the drug,
is lessened because of repeated use
• It is reversible, can be both physical and
psychological, depends on type of drug
Synthetic- made artificially, not naturally occurring
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Depressants
• A psychoactive drug that slows brain and body
reactions is called a depressant.
• Depressants slow body functions by decreasing
heart and breathing rates and lowering
blood pressure.
Examples:
1. Alcohol
2. Codeine
3. Oxycodone
4. Morphine
5. Marijuana
6. Heroin
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Effects of Marijuana
• Marijuana is one of the most frequently abused
psychoactive drugs.
• Its main ingredient changes the way information
reaches and is acted upon by the brain.
• Side effects of marijuana use include
• distorted perceptions
• difficulties with thinking and problem solving
• loss of motor coordination
• increased heart rate
• feelings of anxiety or paranoia
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Stimulants
• A stimulant is a drug that speeds up activities of the
central nervous system.
• Stimulants increase
• heart rate
• blood pressure
• breathing rate
• alertness
• Physicians sometimes prescribe certain stimulants to
treat sleep disorders and behavioral disorders.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Amphetamines
• Amphetamines (am FET uh meenz) are
prescription drugs that are sometimes sold illegally
as “speed” or “uppers.”
• Amphetamine abuse produces feelings of well-being
and high energy.
• The effects wear off quickly and the abuser is often
left feeling depressed.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Methamphetamine
• A stimulant that is related to amphetamines, but is
even more powerful, is methamphetamine.
• Methamphetamine initially produces a rush, or “high.”
• But, after the rush wears off, the user may become
• confused
• shaky
• anxious
• irritable
• violent
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Cocaine
• Cocaine is a powerful but short-acting stimulant.
• Cocaine is highly addictive.
• When cocaine’s effects wear off, abusers often
experience depression, which can be severe.
• Crack is the strongest form of cocaine.
Other example:
caffeine, nicotine, speed
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Hallucinogens
• A hallucinogen (huh LOO sih nuh jun) is a drug that
distorts perception, thought, and mood.
• Hallucinogens overload the brain with sensory
information, causing a distorted sense of reality.
• Abusers
• cannot tell what is real
• may experience memory loss and
personality changes
• may be unable to perform normal activities
• may lose track of time and their surroundings
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
LSD
• The strongest known hallucinogen is lysergic acid
diethylamide, or LSD.
• LSD’s effects are unpredictable—it can either
stimulate or depress the central nervous system.
• Abusers experience hallucinations in which they may
see colorful visions and mistakenly feel they have
superhuman powers.
Mushrooms
• Psilocybin is a chemical found in a certain type
of mushroom.
• The effects of psilocybin are much like those of LSD,
but not as strong.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
PCP
• One of the most dangerous of all drugs is PCP, short
for phencyclidine.
• Because the drug eliminates the sensation of pain,
abusers may unintentionally injure or even
kill themselves.
• Some PCP abusers develop signs of schizophrenia.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Club Drugs, Inhalants, and Steroids
• Three classes of drugs that are of growing concern
in recent years are club drugs, inhalants, and
anabolic steroids.
• The effects of club drugs and inhalants are extremely
unpredictable and dangerous.
• Abuse of steroids causes lifelong damage to the
body and brain.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Club Drugs
• Club drugs got their name from the fact that they
first gained popularity at dance clubs and raves.
• Their effects are different from person to person and
very dangerous.
• While under the effects of rohypnol (roh HYP nawl),
a person may be hurt or raped and not even be able
to recall the event later on.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Anabolic Steroids
• Anabolic steroids are synthetic drugs that are similar
to the hormone testosterone.
• Steroids are abused primarily by people who want
bigger muscles.
• Steroids can make a user’s personality very
aggressive.
• Some steroid users become severely depressed.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Inhalants
A breathable chemical vapor that produces mind-altering
effects is called an inhalant (in HAYL unt).
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Vocabulary
depressant
barbiturates
A drug that slows brain and body reactions.
A class of depressant drugs; also called
sedative-hypnotics.
opiate
Any drug made from psychoactive compounds
contained in the seed pods of poppy plants.
heroin
An illegal opiate made from morphine in a
laboratory.
stimulant
amphetamines
A type of drug that increases the activity of the
nervous system.
Prescription drugs that are sometimes sold
illegally as “speed” or “uppers.”
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
Vocabulary
methamphetamine
cocaine
hallucinogen
marijuana
club drugs
inhalant
A stimulant that is related to amphetamines, but
is even more powerful.
A drug that is a powerful but short-acting
stimulant.
A drug that distorts perception, thought, and
mood.
A drug made from the leaves, stems, and
flowering tops of the hemp plant.
Drugs that first gained popularity at dance clubs
and raves.
A breathable chemical vapor that produces
mind-altering effects.
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Section 17.3 Commonly Abused Drugs
End of Section 17.3
Click on this slide to end this presentation.
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